| 吕同瑞,张兰霞,侯勇,肖然,刘飞,孙军伟,罗文海.物料复配对奶牛粪堆肥腐殖化和臭气排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(9):2407-2417. |
| 物料复配对奶牛粪堆肥腐殖化和臭气排放的影响 |
| Impacts of material mixtures on humification and gaseous emission during cow manure composting |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-16 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-0887 |
| 中文关键词: 洱海流域 奶牛粪便 好氧堆肥 臭气排放 腐殖化 烟末 甘蔗渣 |
| 英文关键词: Erhai Lake basin cow manure aerobic composting odor emission humification tobacoo powder bagasse |
| 基金项目:云南省烟草公司重点项目（2023530000241018） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吕同瑞 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715
农业农村部西南有机循环工程中心重点实验室, 云南 大理 671200 | | | 张兰霞 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
农业农村部西南有机循环工程中心重点实验室, 云南 大理 671200 | | | 侯勇 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
农业农村部西南有机循环工程中心重点实验室, 云南 大理 671200 | | | 肖然 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400715 | | | 刘飞 | 农业农村部西南有机循环工程中心重点实验室, 云南 大理 671200
云南顺丰洱海环保科技股份有限公司, 云南 大理 671005 | | | 孙军伟 | 云南省烟草公司大理州公司, 云南 大理 671014 | 278836098@qq.com | | 罗文海 | 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
农业农村部西南有机循环工程中心重点实验室, 云南 大理 671200 | luowenhai@cau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 洱海流域奶牛粪便产量高，好氧堆肥是实现其资源化利用的有效途径。洱海流域常采用烟末（T）和甘蔗渣（B）等加工副产物用作奶牛粪便等高湿物料的堆肥辅料，但二者复配对牛粪堆肥过程臭气排放和腐殖化的协同调理效果有待进一步评价。本研究以 80%（湿质量）奶牛粪为主料，分别添加 20%T、15%T+5%B、10%T+10%B、5%T+15%B 和 20%B 进行为期 35 d的好氧堆肥。结果表明：随甘蔗渣添加比例升高，升温速度和峰值温度增加，但不利于高温持续；随烟末添加比例升高，种子发芽指数（GI）和腐殖质含量降低，氨气（NH3）和硫化氢（H2S）排放增多，总养分含量逐渐升高。相比于5%T+15%B、20%B处理，10%T+10%B处理的高温持续时间和总养分含量分别增加了 3 d、4 d 和 12.6%、32.5%；相比于 15%T+5%B、20%T 处理，10%T+10%B 处理分别减少了60.5%、67.5% 的 NH3排放和 82.5%、87.9% 的 H2S排放。此外，10T+10%B 处理获得了最大的 GI值（132.8%）和胡富比（0.9）。研究表明，10%烟末+10%甘蔗渣复配比例可促进奶牛粪便好氧堆肥的臭气减排和腐殖化提升。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The cow manure production in the Erhai Lake basin is high, and aerobic composting represents an effective pathway for its resource utilization. In the Erhai Lake Basin, processing by-products such as tobacco powder（T）and bagasse（B）are commonly used as composting bulking agents for high-moisture materials like dairy cow manure. However, the synergistic effects of their combined use on odor emission control and humification during cow manure composting require further evaluation. This study conducted aerobic composting for 35 days using 80%（wet weight）cow manure as the main material, with additions of 20%T, 15%T+5%B, 10%T+10%B, 5%T+15%B, and 20%B, respectively. The results indicated that as the proportion of bagasse increased, the heating rate and peak temperature rose, but this was detrimental to maintaining high temperatures. Conversely, as the proportion of tobacco powder increased, the seed germination index（GI）and humus content decreased, while ammonia（NH3）and hydrogen sulfide（H2S）emissions increased, and the total nutrient content gradually rose. Compared to the treatments with 5%T+15%B and 20%B, the treatment with 10%T+10%B exhibited an increase in high-temperature duration by 3 and 4 days, respectively, and an increase in total nutrient content by 12.6% and 32.5%, respectively. Furthermore, compared to the treatments with 15%T+5%B and 20%T, the treatment with 10%T+10%B reduced NH3 emissions by 60.5% and 67.5%, respectively, and H2S emissions by 82.5% and 87.9%, respectively. Additionally, the treatment with 10%T+10%B achieved the highest seed germination index（GI）value of 132.8% and a humus-to-fulvate ratio of 0.9. Therefore, the combined proportion of 10% tobacco powder and 10% bagasse can promote odor reduction and enhance humification during aerobic composting of cow manure. |
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