| 刘力华,刘烁然,王广帅,巨晓棠.不同水肥管理对热带稻田氮磷流失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2025,44(10):2605-2616. |
| 不同水肥管理对热带稻田氮磷流失的影响 |
| Effects of Different water and fertilizer management on nitrogen and phosphorus losses in tropical paddy field |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-31 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2024-1167 |
| 中文关键词: 稻田 氮磷流失 水肥管理 径流流失 渗漏淋失 |
| 英文关键词: paddy field nitrogen and phosphorus loss water and fertilizer management runoff loss leaching loss |
| 基金项目:海南省重大科技计划项目（ZDKJ2021008）；国家自然科学基金（区域创新发展联合基金）重点支持项目（U24A20625） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1055 |
| 全文下载次数: 668 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究热带地区不同水肥管理对稻田氮磷流失的影响，在海南省龙滚镇河灌区水稻田开展田间试验。采用二因素完全设计，设置两种施肥模式：农民习惯施肥（F1）与优化施肥（F2），及两种灌溉模式：浅湿灌溉（W1）与淹水灌溉（W2），共计4个处理（F1W1、F1W2、F2W1、F2W2），对氮磷流失特征进行研究。结果表明：施肥与灌溉模式对氮磷的径流和淋溶具有显著影响，且二者间存在显著的交互作用。与农民习惯施肥相比，优化施肥的田面水氮素径流流失量及渗漏淋失量分别降低 46.09%~51.09%和57.74%~62.73%，磷素径流流失量及渗漏淋失量分别降低54.14%~54.86%和23.10%~43.23%。在优化施肥条件下，浅湿灌溉的田面水氮素与磷素径流流失量相较淹水灌溉分别降低了 14.65%和 45.02%，但浅湿灌溉的氮素渗漏淋失量相较淹水灌溉提高了58.76%，浅湿灌溉的磷素渗漏淋失量与淹水灌溉相比无显著差异。总体来看，不同水肥管理的氮磷总排放量表现为 F1W2>F1W1>F2W2>F2W1。研究表明，优化施肥配合浅湿灌溉水肥管理模式的氮磷总排放量显著降低，有效减轻了稻田氮磷流失对农业面源污染的贡献。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of different water and fertilizer management practices on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in paddy fields in tropical regions, a field experiment was conducted in the river-irrigated rice fields of Longgun Town, Hainan Province. A two-factor full design was adopted, with two fertilization modes set：farmer accustomed fertilization（F1）and optimized fertilization（F2）, as well as two irrigation modes：shallow wet irrigation（W1）and flooded irrigation（W2）, totaling four treatments（F1W1, F1W2, F2W1, F2W2）to study the churn characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus. The results show that both fertilization mode and irrigation mode have significant impacts on the runoff and leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus, and there is a significant interaction between them. Compared with farmer accustomed fertilization, the surface water nitrogen runoff loss and seepage leaching loss of optimized fertilization decreased by 46.09%- 51.09% and 57.74%-62.73% respectively, while the phosphorus runoff loss and seepage leaching loss decreased by 54.14%-54.86% and 23.10%- 43.23% respectively. Under the condition of optimized fertilization, the surface water nitrogen and phosphorus runoff losses of shallow wet irrigation decreased by 14.65% and 45.02% respectively compared with those of flooded irrigation. However, the nitrogen seepage leaching loss of shallow wet irrigation increased by 58.76% compared with that of flooded irrigation, and there was no significant difference in the phosphorus seepage leaching loss between shallow wet irrigation and flooded irrigation. Overall, the total nitrogen and phosphorus emissions under different water and fertilizer managements were F1W2>F1W1>F2W2>F2W1. It can be seen that the optimized fertilization combined with the shallow wet irrigation water and fertilizer management mode significantly reduces the total nitrogen and phosphorus emissions, effectively alleviating the contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in paddy fields to agricultural non-point source pollution. |
| HTML
查看全文
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
