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| Community Structure and Diversity of Soil Ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria Under Different Vegetation Restoration Patterns in Hulunbeier Sandy Land, Inner Mongolia, China |
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| KeyWord:Hulunbeier sandy land; vegetation restoration; ammonia-oxidizing bacteria; DGGE; community structure |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Gang | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | | XIU Wei-ming | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | | WANG jie | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | | YU Wen-chao | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | | WU Yuan-feng | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | | ZHAO Jian-ning | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | | SONG Xiao-long | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China | | YANG Dian-lin | Key Laboratory of Original Agro-environment Quality of Ministry of Agriculture, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Grassland desertification seriously threatens economic and social sustainable developments. How to control grassland desertification, and even to restore and reconstruct grassland has been paid much attention to. Vegetation restoration is considered to be a very effective solution. Nitrogen cycling plays important role in the vegetation restoration process. Microbial ammonia oxidation is the first and often rate-limiting step of nitrification, a fundamental process in nitrogen cycling. It is, therefore, important to understand the relationship between vegetation and the community structure and diversity of soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria during the restoration process. Here we investigated the 16S rRNA gene diversity, phylogeny of soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and their correlations with the soil physical and chemical factors in Hulunbeier sandy land of Inner Mongolia under five vegetation restoration patterns, i. e. , mixed-planting of Agropyron cristatum, Hedysarum fruticosum, Caragana korshinskii, and Elymus nutans（ACHE） and of Agropyron cristatum and Hedysarum fruticosum（AC）, and mono-planting of Caragana korshinskii（UC）, Agropyron cristatum（UA）, and Hedysarum fruticosum（UH） with bare land as the control（CK） using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（PCR-DGGE）, cloning and sequencing analysis. The results indicated that the Shannon index of the 16S rRNA gene was the highest under AC, followed by UC, UA, ACHE and UH. The five vegetation restoration patterns all had a significantly higher Shannon indexes than CK（P<0.05）. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria under CK were mainly the Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 of Nitrosospira. But the composition of soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria under the five vegetation restoration patterns had undergone significant changes compared to CK, composed of Cluster 3 of Nitrosospira and Cluster 6 of Nitrosomonas. Five vegetation restoration patterns improved soil physical and chemical properties in varying degrees. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that soil ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community structure was significantly（P<0.05） influenced by soil pH, soil moisture, total nitrogen, organic matter and total phosphorus. Significant correlationship（P<0.01） was found between pH, soil moisture, total nitrogen, organic matter and total phosphorus. These findings indicate that soil ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities was dependent on the combined effects of the various physico-chemical factors. |
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