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| Coupling Effects of Controlled-release Urea and Water on Tomato Yield and Soil Nitrate Under Reduced Irrigation |
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| KeyWord:tomato; controlled-release urea; reduced irrigation level; coupling effect of water and nitrogen |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LI Yan-mei | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forest Science, Beijing 100097, China；Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture（North）, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China, Beijing 100097, China | | LIAO Shang-qiang | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forest Science, Beijing 100097, China；Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture（North）, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China, Beijing 100097, China | | XUE Gao-feng | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forest Science, Beijing 100097, China；Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture（North）, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China, Beijing 100097, China | | CHEN Yan-hua | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forest Science, Beijing 100097, China；Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture（North）, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China, Beijing 100097, China | | SUN Yan-xin | Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forest Science, Beijing 100097, China；Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture（North）, Ministry of Agriculture, P.R.China, Beijing 100097, China |
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| Abstract: |
| In greenhouse tomato production, excessive applications of nitrogen and water have aroused increasing concerns over food safety and groundwater quality. An experiment was conducted in greenhouse to investigate how controlled-release urea at two rates coupled with two levels of irrigation influenced tomato growth, yield and quality as well as soil nitrate contents. The results showed that there was no significant difference in leaf chlorophyll content, stem diameter and fruit width among treatments. Compared with the routine nitrogen application, applying controlled-release urea at normal amount（600 kg N·hm-2） increased single fruit weight, yield, soluble sugar content, sugar to acid ratio and Lycopene by 8.05%~36.1%, 9.02%~36.1%, 15.3%~27.2%, 24.0%~24.4% and 26.4%~81.9%, respectively, but decreased fruit nitrate contents by 5.80%~8.41% and soil nitrate by 20.5%~70.2%. Reducing N supply by 33%（to 400 kg N·hm-2） decreased tomato yield by 17.2%（P<0.05） at 800 m3·hm-2 of irrigation level（51% of the normal irrigation level）. At the two rates of controlled-release urea, reducing irrigation level from 1000 m3·hm-2 to 800 m3·hm-2 improved tomato lycopene content by 18.2%~40.6%（P<0.05） and reduced tomato nitrate content by 10.1%~10.9%. However, irrigation at 800 m3·hm-2 lead to a reduction（10.1%） of Vc content in tomato at 400 kg N·hm-2 of controlled-release urea. It is recommended that controlled-release urea at 600 kg N·hm-2 with 800 m3·hm-2 or 1000 m3·hm-2 irrigation or at 400 kg N·hm-2 with 1000 m3·hm-2 irrigation could all be used for tomato production. Future research is necessary on effectively reducing soil nitrate. |
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