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| Direct Enantioselective Determination of Fenamiphos and Its Two Metabolites in Soils Using QuEChERS-HPLC |
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| KeyWord:enantioseparation; fenamiphos; transformation products; QuEChERS; soil |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | XIONG Wei-na | Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering（Ministry of Education）, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China | | XIA Ting-ting | Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering（Ministry of Education）, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China | | CHEN Jing-wen | Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering（Ministry of Education）, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China | | CAI Xi-yun | Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering（Ministry of Education）, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Direct determination of enantiomers of fenamiphos and its major transformation products（i.e., sulfoxide and sulfone） was achieved using a combination of chiral high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and modified QuEChERS（Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe） preprocessing technique. These compounds were separated individually on a HPLC system equipped with a Chiralpak AD-H stationary phase, via distinct chiral resolution mechanisms depending on organic alcohols and temperature. It was difficult to achieve direct chiral resolution of a mixture of these compounds under general conditions. Here, trace water 0.02% was added as a modifier to the mobile phase comprising n-hexane and 2-propanol（87/13, V/V）, yielding baseline separation of the mixture. This method, in combination with modified QuEChERS technique, was applied to determine these compounds in soil samples spiked at the levels of 0.05/0.1, 0.5 and 5 mg·kg-1. The recoveries ranged from 82.5% to 97.4% with relative standard deviations（RSD） of 2.5%~6.1%, validating its application in determination of fenamiphaos residues in soils. |
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