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| Effects of CO2 Concentration, Nitrogen Supply and Transplanting Density on Yield Formation of Hybrid Rice Shanyou 63: A FACE Study |
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| KeyWord:rice; FACE（Free Air CO2 Enrichment）; CO2; yield; yield components |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LAI Shang-kun | Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China | | ZHOU San-ni | Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China | | GU Wei-feng | Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China | | ZHUANG Shi-teng | Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China | | ZHOU Juan | Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China | | ZHU Jian-guo | State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | YANG Lian-xin | Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China | | WANG Yu-long | Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China |
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| Abstract: |
| Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations（[CO2]） generally increases yield of rice grains, but it is unclear whether such effect of elevated [CO2] is modified by cultivation practices. Under FACE conditions, a responsive cultivar Shanyou 63 was grown under two levels of [CO2]（ambient, ambient +200 μmol·mol-1）, two nitrogen rates（LN, 15 g·m-2; HN, 25 g·m-2）, and two transplanting densities（LD, 16 hill·m-2; HD, 24 hill·m-2）. The results showed that elevated[CO2] had no effects on phenological development, but significantly increased plant height at grain filling stage（+7%）, as compared with ambient CO2. Under elevated[CO2], panicle number per unit area（+8%） and spikelet number per panicle（+19%） were increased, thus resulting in substantial increase in spikelet number per unit area（+29%）. The CO2-induced increase in panicle number per unit area was mainly due to an increase in maximum tiller number, while percentage of productive tillers reduced significantly. The enhanced panicle size in high[CO2] resulted from the increase in dry weight per stem rather than the ratio of spikelet number to stem weight. Elevated[CO2] significantly increased average grain weight. Increasing CO2 concentration increased rice grain yield by an average of 36%, being 43%, 46%, 34% and 23% for LNLD-, LNHD-, HNLD- and HNHD, respectively. These results indicate that the CO2-induced increase in spikelet number per unit area results in substantial increase in grain yield of hybrid rice, which can be modulated by appropriate adjustment in nitrogen supply and transplanting density. |
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