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| Effects of Different Soil Additives on Wheat Yield and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Tai Lake Region |
| Received:December 29, 2014 |
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| KeyWord:wheat;soil additive;yield;nitrogen use efficiency;runoff;leaching;nitrogen and phosphorus loss |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | PAN Fu-yan | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | XUE Li-hong | Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | njxuelihong@gmail.com | | LU Ping | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | | DONG Yuan-hua | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | yhdong@issas.ac.cn | | MA Zi-hou | Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China | | | YANG Lin-zhang | Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Nutrients in leaching and in surface runoffs from farmland are the major causes of eutrophication in the aquatic ecosystems in the Tai Lake region. Applying soil additives may minimize nutrient losses from farmland during wheat cropping season in winter. A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of resin, biochar and nitrification inhibitor alone and in combination on wheat yield and nitrogen and phosphorus losses in the Tai Lake region. Nine treatments with three replicates were designed, including no nitrogen fertilizer(NF), traditional fertilizer(SF), fertilizer+biochar(FT), fertilizer+resin(FZ), fertilizer+nitrification inhibitor(FX), fertilizer+nitrification inhibitor+biochar(FTX), fertilizer + nitrification inhibitor+resin(FZX), fertilizer+resin+biochar(FZT), fertilizer+nitrification inhibitor+biochar+resin(FZXT). Grain yield of and nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) assimilated by wheat, N and P losses through runoff and leaching, and soil nutrient status were measured. Results showed that all treatments with soil additives promoted wheat aboveground biomass, and increased grain yield by 13%～133%, compared with the SF treatment except the FZ treatment. Wheat-assimilated N was also enhanced in all the treatments with soil additives, thus improving fertilizer N use efficiency, except the FZ treatment. However, wheat-assimilated P was inhibited by soil additives; and fertilizer P use efficiency was thus decreased in all the treatments with soil additives. Applications of biochar and nitrification inhibitor alone or both can decrease the total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) concentrations in runoff and leaching water, thus reducing the N loss by 57%～71% and the P loss by 26%～46% in comparison with the control(SF). However, increased N and P losses were observed in the treatments with resin applied. After harvest, soil TN content was significantly increased by the applications of all additives except the FX, but soil TP didn't significantly change in all treatments. We conclude that applying biochar and nitrification inhibitor along with fertilizer can significantly improve wheat yield and N use efficiency while reducing 68.8% of N loss and 26.1% of P loss during the whole wheat growth period. Therefore, it is promising to apply soil amendments to control the non-point source pollution during wheat growing season in the Tai Lake region. |
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