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| Effects of maize stalk biochar on humus composition and humic acid structure in black soil |
| Received:August 08, 2015 |
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| KeyWord:maize stalk biochar;humic substance composition;humic acid;structure |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | MENG Fan-rong | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China | | | DOU Sen | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China | dousen@tom.com | | YIN Xian-bao | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China | | | ZHANG Ge | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China | | | ZHONG Shuang-ling | College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Biochar has showed to increase soil organic matter content. However, how biochar influences soil humus composition and humic acid(HA) structure is not well understood. Here a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of applying maize stalk biochar on humus composition and humic acid structural characteristics in black soil. Four treatments, namely CK and three rates of maize stalk biochar(equivalent to 6 t·hm-2,12 t·hm-2 and 24 t·hm-2) were employed. Results showed:(1) Applying maize stalk biochar greatly improved soil organic carbon(SOC) at the third year. At the third year, biochar at 6, 12 and 24 t·hm-2 increased SOC by 3.61%, 13.40% and 30.64%, enhanced water-soluble substances(WSS) by 30.88%, 86.29% and 116.18%, and elevated humin content by 5.44%, 19.46% and 51.16%, respectively, compared with CK. The content of HA was 7.89%, 13.60% and 25% greater, whereas that of fulvic acid(FA) was 13.11%, 24.60% and 45.90% lower than that of CK, respectively, in 6 t·hm-2,12 t·hm-2 and 24 t·hm-2 biochar treatments.(2) Compared with CK, applying maize stalk biochar for three year reduced H/C mole ratio by 0.01%, 0.03% and 0.05%, and O/C mole ratio by 0.05%, 0.11% and 0.17%, respectively, in 6 t·hm-2,12 t·hm-2 and 24 t·hm-2 biochar treatments. The relative intensity of 2920 cm-1 increased by 0.38%, 0.41% and 0.49%, while that of 1620 cm-1 increased by 0.94%, 0.24% and 0.39%, respectively, in 6 t·hm-2,12 t·hm-2 and 24 t·hm-2 biochar treatment, compared with CK. Maize stalk biochar applications improved HA degree of condensation, lowered HA oxidation, increased HA aliphatic and aromaticity, complicated the structure of HA. |
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