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| Research on sorption mechanism of radionuclides by manufactured nanomaterials |
| Received:April 12, 2016 |
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| KeyWord:manufactured nanomaterials;radionuclides;sorption mechanism |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | DU Yi | College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China | | | WANG Jian | School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China | | | WANG Hong-qing | College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China | | | XIA Liang-shu | College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China | | | WANG Xiang-ke | College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China | xkwang@ncepu.edu.cn,xkwang@ipp.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| Manufactured nanomaterials have attracted multidisciplinary interest because of their special unique microstructures and exceptional physicochemical properties. The nanomaterials have been applied in many areas such as aerospace, medical radiology, construction, agriculture and environmental pollution remediation, especially in radioactive waste management. This review summarizes the manufactured nanomaterials and their applications in the efficient removal of radionuclides[such as U(Ⅵ), Eu(Ⅲ), Co(Ⅱ)] from wastewater, and the main interaction mechanism are discussed from the results of kinetics analysis, thermodynamic analysis, spectroscopic techniques, surface complexation models and theoretical calculations. The high sorption of radionuclides on nanomaterials is mainly attributed to the high surface area and large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups, which can form strong surface complexes with radionuclides on solid particles. The sorption is mainly attributed to outer-sphere surface complexation at low pH, and dominated by inner-sphere surface complexation or (co) precipitation at high pH, which is also evidenced from the DFT calculations. The nanomaterials are suitable materials for the elimination of radionuclides from wastewater. However, it is necessary to carry out more research works focusing on the development of low cost, high selective and more environmental friendly functional nanomaterials in scientific interests and practical applications in future. |
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