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| Effects of rainfall and fertilization on water quality of the Yujia River watershed in the northern Qinling Mountains |
| Received:July 06, 2016 |
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| KeyWord:rainfall;fertilization;nitrogen;phosphorus;organic matter;spatial distribution |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GUO Ze-hui | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China | | | LIU Yang | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China | | | HUANG Yi-mei | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China | ymhuang1971@nwsuaf.edu.cn | | YAN Jiang-tao | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China | | | TENG Fei | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China | | | WANG Yong-bin | Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Natural Resource and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| With the purpose of investigating the mechanisms of how rainfall and fertilization affected the quality of ground water, we selected a typical Yujia River watershed in which eight water-sampling sections representing the watershed characteristics. Water quality(N, P and CODMn) was monitored after various rainfall intensities on Kiwifruit plots(main economical crop for the local) with three key fertilization time-points in early-spring, summer and late autumn. The results show that in Yujia River watershed the concentration of total N averages 6.51 mg·L-1(range:4.53~11.45 mg·L-1), the mean values for the concentrations of total P and CODMn are 0.312 mg·L-1(range:0.004~1.377 mg·L-1)and 3.15 mg·L-1(range:0.89~11.23 mg·L-1) respectively. As for the load of fertilization applications to water quality, the mean load of total N during early-spring fertilization is 227.03 g·d-1, with an increase of 73.34% to the whole watershed, the average load of total P during the summer fertilization is 11.36 g·d-1, with an increase of 117.36%. With regard to rainfall, the loads of the total N, total P and CODMn, during heavy rainfall period are 228.10 g·d-1, 9.94 g·d-1 and 174.53 g·d-1, with an increase of 35.93%, 84.31% and 69.65%, correspondingly. The concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus show a positive relationship with rainfall intensity. Therefore, as revealed by our data, rainfall is a main meteorological parameter to cause nitrogen loss in this region. Fertilization during early-spring contributes substantially to the increased N concentration, and the risk of water P pollution becomes stronger especially in summer fertilization. There is higher CODMn contamination after heavy rain in early-spring. The combined effect of the rainfall and fertilization is the main factor causing the non-point pollution in Yujia River watershed. The main polluting area of the watershed was middle-part concentrated, which was mainly caused by kiwifruit fertilization, additionally, pollution from local living-residents may also be a reason to the total pollution. |
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