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| Evaluation of cadmium phytoavailability in soils from a zinc smelting area in Hezhang County, Guizhou Province, using diffusive gradients in thin films and conventional chemical extractions |
| Received:March 31, 2017 |
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| KeyWord:chemical extraction;diffusive gradients in thin films technique;soils with multiple contaminants;cadmium;phytoavailability |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | GAO Hui | Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | SONG Jing | Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | jingsong@issas.ac.cn | | LÜ Ming-chao | Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | ZHANG Sha | Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | ZHANG Qiang | Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
Guizhou Academy of Environmental Science and Design, Guiyang 550000, China | | | LIU Ling-fei | Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China | | | LONG Jian | Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to investigate Cd phytoavailability by comparing diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT) with five conventional chemical extractants(HNO3, DTPA, LMWOAs, HCl, and CaCl2). Twenty types of calcareous soil contaminated by mining were collected from Guizhou Province, and three tropical crops(potato, cabbage, and maize) were selected for a pot experiment. The results show that (1) the soils had been polluted by zinc smelting; (2)the bioconcentration factors of potato and cabbage were very similar and that of maize was considerably lower than those of potato and cabbage, with average values for potato, cabbage, and maize of 0.105 3, 0.105 8, and 0.007 9, respectively; (3) simple and multiple linear regression analysis shows that concentrations determined by DGT were more highly correlated with the Cd concentrations in the edible parts of the three crops than were the concentrations in the five chemical extracts, and were unaffected by soil physical and chemical properties; (4) CaCl2-extractable concentrations showed a good relationship with the Cd concentrations in the edible parts of potato and cabbage, and HNO3 extraction also showed a significant relationship with the Cd concentrations in the edible parts of the three crops. The present study verifies that the DGT technique may be superior to conventional extraction methods for evaluating Cd phytoavailability in field-contaminated calcareous soils, but CaCl2 and HNO3 extractions can be selected for assessing phytoavailability when taking into account the crop species, pollution level, cost, and the simplicity of the extractions. |
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