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| Risk assessment of cadmium and arsenic in phosphate fertilizer |
| Received:May 30, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:phosphorus fertilizer;cadmium;arsenic;accumulation rate;environmental risk |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YU Yao | Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | ZHU Li-na | Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | GUO Tian-liang | Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | HUANG Qing-qing | Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | WANG Qi | Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | CHEN Qing | Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | LI Hua-fen | Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | lihuafen@cau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| As an important agricultural method, application of phosphorus fertilizer can lead to certain impacts, because it contains heavy metal. Published literature was reviewed and phosphorus fertilizer samples were collected in this study, to investigate content of cadmium and arsenic in the fertilizer in China as well as the annual inputs of the two elements were calculated under different plantation scenarios. A comparison between fertilizer in China and abroad was also made. The results showed that the mean ±standard deviation of Cd content in phosphate fertilizer was 0.91 ±2.39 mg·kg-1 and the median was 0.26 mg·kg-1. Cd content ranged between N.D. and 27.17 mg·kg-1 and 95% of the contents were below 3.60 mg·kg-1. While for arsenic content, the mean ±standard deviation was 19.83±11.37 mg·kg-1 and the median of As content was 19.57 mg·kg-1. The range was between 0.025~90.10 mg·kg-1 and 95% of the As contents were less than 35.63 mg·kg-1. According to ecological index of arsenic, cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury for fertilizers GB/T 23349-2009, only 0.6% and 1.9% of the data of Cd and As was above the limits, respectively. Compared to fertilizer in the abroad market, domestic phosphorus fertilizer contained much less Cd and As. With the plantation of wheat, maize and rice, the annual input of Cd in topsoil was 0.673, 0.824 and 0.693 μg·kg-1·a-1; for As, the input was 17.49, 21.37 and 17.90 μg·kg-1·a-1, respectively. Therefore, Cd and content in phosphorus fertilizer in China was very low, and it barely causes heavy metal risks to the soil environment. |
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