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| Dietary selenium nutrition levels among the residents of a typical Kaschin-Beck disease-endemic area in Weibei Highland, China |
| Received:August 01, 2018 |
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| KeyWord:daily selenium intake;dietary diversity;Kaschin-Beck disease;soil selenium content |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | YIN Dan | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | LI Xin-yu | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | LIU Yi-xuan | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | MENG Yuan-yong | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | HUANG Dong-lin | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | dlynnhuang@nwsuaf.edu.cn | | QIU Wei-hong | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China | | | WANG Zhao-hui | College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agro-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China
Northwest A & F University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| We quantified the daily selenium intake (DSI) through food for residents in Weibei Highland, a Kaschin-Beck disease-endemic area. Six years after the special supply of selenium salts to the residents was stopped, a specifically designed questionnaire survey was carried out to collect information on their daily food intake. A total of 270 adult permanent residents were surveyed from nine natural villages, distributed in three counties, using the randomized stratified clustered sampling method. The Yongshou and the Linyou counties were the areas most affected by the Kaschin-Beck disease in China, back in the 1970s-1980s. The Yangling District, a non-disease area in the Guanzhong Region of the Shaanxi Province, was chosen as control. Questions about food intake frequency and amount were used in the survey to calculate food diversity and daily food intake in 2016-2017. The selenium content of different foods, obtained from the scientific literature, was considered, to calculate the daily selenium intake of residents in each county. The daily selenium intake of the Yangling District residents (61.8 μg) was significantly higher than that of the Yongshou County and Linyou County residents (25.0 μg and 35.0 μg, respectively). The dietary food of the Yongshou County and Linyou County residents consisted mainly of cereals. The daily intake of wheat (flour) corresponded to 46% and 37% of all food intake for the Yongshou County and Linyou County residents, respectively; these percentages were relatively higher than those for the Yangling District residents (24%). However, due to the low selenium content of wheat grains (produced in low-selenium soils in all three counties), cereals constituted only minor percentages of the total daily selenium intake:7%, 13%, and 12% for the Yangling District, Yongshou County, and Linyou County residents, respectively. The main food of residents in the Kaschin-Beck disease-endemic area (Yongshou and Linyou counties) was represented by cereals. While the Yangling District residents'food was more diverse, their daily intake of cereals was much lower than that of the Yongshou County and Linyou County residents. On the other hand, their daily intake of seafood, eggs, and dairy products was 1.62~5.4 times higher than that of the residents from those two counties. Although the DSIs of the Yangling District, Yongshou County, and Linyou County residents were higher than the minimum dietary selenium requirement, the DSIs of the Yongshou County and Linyou County residents were far below the recommended DSI for Chinese residents. The differences in DSI and food diversity among the analyzed areas were closely related to the average income of the residents. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the wheat selenium content using inexpensive methods (e.g., agronomic biofortification) to increase the daily selenium intake of the Yongshou County and Linyou County residents. Additionally, the income of these residents should be increased, in order to improve their dietary diversity and DSIs. |
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