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| Effects of different organic materials on the growth of greenhouse cucumber and soil properties |
| Received:July 31, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:organic materials;greenhouse cucumber;yield and quality;balance of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Chuan-yun | China Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE/Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | GUAN Xi-lin | China Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE/Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | ZOU Chun-qin | China Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE/Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | zcq0206@cau.edu.cn | | CHEN Xin-ping | College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| To reduce nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation due to excessive organic fertilizer application in the greenhouse vegetables production system, two field experiments were conducted to study the effects of organic materials on soil physical and chemical properties, and yield and quality of cucumber. Four kinds of organic materials, peat, humic acid, mushroom residue, and biochar, were selected as substitutes for traditional chicken manure. The results of the experiments on two consecutive crops showed that the application of organic materials had no significant effect on cucumber yield. However, compared with the treatment of chicken manure, the application of peat, humic acid, and biochar could significantly increase the content of vitamin C in cucumber fruits. In addition to the treatment with biochar, the surface soil(0~20 cm)pH value upon the application of different organic materials was significantly higher than that for the chicken manure treatment. In addition, compared with chicken manure, the organic materials treatment reduced the surface soil Olsen-P content by 51.6%~62.9%, and improved the surface soil C/N ratio. Soil Olsen-P under humic acid treatment showed the highest decrease, and its surface soil C/N ratio increased by 92.2% compared with that of the soil under chicken manure treatment. Meanwhile, soil treatment by humic acid(0~60 cm)showed the highest carbon reserves. In addition to the treatment by mushroom residue, the surplus nitrogen under the organic material treatment was less than that under the chicken manure treatment and the biochar treatment was the lowest, which decreased by 73.1% compared with that for the soil treated with chicken manure. The surplus phosphorus under the organic material treatment was significantly reduced by 65.3%~92.3% compared with that under the chicken manure treatment. Phosphorus reduction in the soil was in the given order for various treatments:humic acid > peat + humic acid > peat + humic acid + biochar > biochar > peat > peat + mushroom residue > mushroom residue. Therefore, after replacing chicken manure with organic materials, the nutritional quality and the yield of the cucumber fruit was improved. In addition, the surplus nitrogen and phosphorus in soil were greatly reduced. Humic acid was found to have a better effect in improving soil organic matter and reducing surplus phosphorus, while peat + humic acid + bacterial residue had a better effect on improving cucumber quality. |
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