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| Effects of different nitrogen and potassium levels and nitrogen forms on soil ammonia volatilization and nitrous oxide emissions |
| Received:November 05, 2019 |
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| KeyWord:ammonia volatilization;nitrous oxide emissions;potassium;nitrogen use efficiency |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | XIA Shu-jie | College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | LIU Chuang | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | YUAN Xiao-liang | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | LI Jun-ya | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | LI Lin-yang | University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | ZHANG Run-qin | Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China | | | LI Zhi-guo | Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China | lzg360@wbgcas.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| Ammonia (NH3)volatilization and nitrous oxide (N2O)emissions in soils under different nitrogen (N)and potassium (K)levels were investigated, in order to provide data and a theoretical basis for the rational application of N and K fertilizers, and for atmospheric environmental protection. A pot experiment was carried out, which included 9 treatments:N0K0, (NO3--N)50K35, (NO3--N)50K80, (NO3--N)100K35, (NO3--N)100K80, (NH4+-N)50K35, (NH4+-N)50K80, (NH4+-N)100K35, and (NH4+-N)100K80. N2O and NH3 were collected by the static chamber method and aeration method, respectively. N fertilizer significantly increased the N2O flux and cumulative emissions, as well as the NH3 volatilization rate and cumulative emissions. The average N2O flux and cumulative emissions increased from 15.8 μg·m-2·h-1 and 0.17 mg·kg-1 without fertilization to 45.6 μg·m-2·h-1 and 0.57 mg·kg-1 with N fertilizer rates of 100 mg·kg-1. The volatilization rate and cumulative emissions of NH3 also reached the maxima when the amount of N fertilizer was 100 mg·kg-1; the corresponding values were 1.5 kg·hm-2·d-1 and 4.18 mg·kg-1. Treatments with ammonium as a N source had higher N2O fluxes and cumulative emissions, and NH3 volatilization rates and cumulative emissions, compared to the treatment with nitrate as the N source. K fertilizer significantly increased NH 3 volatilization rates and cumulative emissions. Under low N levels, K fertilizer significantly reduced N2O fluxes and cumulative emissions. Increase of the chemical N fertilizer application rate is the main factor in the increase in NH3 volatilization and N2O emissions. Compared with nitrate N fertilizer, ammonium N fertilizer promotes NH3 and N2O emissions. Increasing the application of K fertilizer significantly increases the NH3 volatilization rate and cumulative emissions, but significantly reduces the N2O flux and cumulative emissions throughout the growing season. |
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