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| Efficiency and emission reduction of a one-time basal application of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer in intensive vegetable production in Jiangsu Province, China |
| Received:October 21, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:vegetables;ammonia volatilization;nitrate residue;economic profit;environmental effect |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | XU Li-ping | Agricultural Technology Popularization Center Cultivated Land Quality Protection Station, Nanjing 211500, China | | | JU Sheng-rong | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | | WANG Yuan | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | | | LIU Zhi-guang | College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China | | | MIN Ju | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | jmin@issas.ac.cn | | SHI Wei-ming | Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| In Jiangsu Province, there is a high degree of intensive vegetable production, a great demand for labor, a large amount of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application, and non-point source pollution. The potential of increasing the efficiency and reducing the investment and emission of controlled-release N fertilizer applied to intensive vegetables in the Yangtze River delta region still lacks research. In this study, four fertilization treatments were applied through three consecutive seasons of field experiments:conventional fertilization, 100% N (N1); conventional N fertilization reduced by 30%, i.e., 70% N(N2); based on the 30% N reduction(i.e., 70% N), a one-time application of controlled-release N fertilizer and urea N at a ratio of 7:3 (N3); and 70% N, with controlled-release N fertilizer applied basally and urea N applied topically at a ratio of 7:3 (N4). The results showed that the N3 treatment had the highest yield and profit compared with the other treatments, with the average yield of cauliflower and tomato reaching 86.4 t·hm-2 and 87.0 t·hm-2, respectively, and the profit reaching 120 000 yuan·hm-2 and 122 000 yuan·hm-2. This treatment also had the lowest ammonia volatilization emission(4.4 kg N·hm-2 and 9.3 kg N·hm-2) and the lowest nitrate-N residue in the soil after three seasons of vegetable cultivation. Compared with the N1 treatment, the yield of cauliflower and tomato in the N3 treatment increased by 3.7% and 21.3%, respectively, the profit increased by 10.7% and 40.3%, respectively, and the ammonia volatilization emission was reduced by 64.0% and 46.9%, respectively. Based on this, compared with the conventional fertilization(N1) treatment, the controlled release of N fertilizer and urea at a 7:3 ratio with a one-time base application(the N3 treatment) can reduce the N application by 30% and significantly increase the efficiency and reduces N emissions; this application method is worthy of promotion in intensive vegetable production in Jiangsu Province. |
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