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| Effect of the application period of granular fertilizer on the subcellular cadmium distribution of double-season rice at the milky stage |
| Received:December 15, 2020 |
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| KeyWord:double season rice;cadmium;nitrogen fertilizer;late growth stage;subcellular |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | ZHANG Yusheng | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | ZHANG Xiaoyi | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | XIAO Huan | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | AO Hejun | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | aohejun@126.com | | XIANG Yanyun | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | TIAN Wei | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | | | XIAO Feng | College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil in China, Changsha 410128, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| This study aimed to investigate the effect of nitrogen application during the late growth period of rice on subcellular cadmium （Cd）distribution in double-season rice plants at the milky stage and Cd accumulation in brown rice at the maturity stage. A field experiment was conducted to select early rice plants Zhuliangyou 819（low Cd accumulation）and Luliangyou 996（high Cd accumulation）, and late rice Xiangwanxian 12 hao（low Cd accumulation）and Yuzhenxiang（high Cd accumulation）as the test materials. Three nitrogen application periods during the late period were established at the initial heading stage, full heading stage, and filling stage. A treatment without nitrogen application was used as the control. The results showed that Cd distribution in the roots and leaf cells of the rice in the control treatment was cell wall > cytosol > organelle, and the Cd distribution in the root and leaf subcellular fractions of the different rice seasons differed greatly with nitrogen application. For early rice varieties, the Cd distribution ratio in the roots and leaf cell wall and cytosol at the leaf milky stage decreased and the distribution ratio of organelles increased. Cd content in the root cell wall and cytosol of the low Cd accumulating variety Zhuliangyou 819 was significantly higher than that of the high Cd accumulating variety Luliangyou 996. The Cd distribution ratio in the roots and leaf cell wall and cytosol of the late rice varieties at the milky stage increased and the Cd distribution ratio in the organelles decreased. The Cd distribution ratio in the root cell wall was negatively correlated with the Cd distribution ratio in the organelles and cytosol（P<0.01）, and the Cd distribution ratio in the root cell wall was negatively correlated with the transport coefficient of Cd（P<0.01）, whereas the Cd distribution ratio in the root organelle was positively correlated with the transport coefficient of Cd（P<0.01）. The Cd content of brown rice was significantly decreased by 28.57% with the application of nitrogen at the initial heading stage in Zhuliangyou 819, significantly decreased by 38.46% and 48.15% with the application of nitrogen at the full heading stage in Luliangyou 996 and Yuzhenxiang, respectively, and decreased by 10.00% in Xiangwanxian 12 hao. The Cd content of brown rice was increased with the application of nitrogen at the filling stage. The late growth period of rice is a critical period for grain Cd accumulation, and nitrogen application during the full heading stage of rice can significantly decrease the Cd content of brown rice in high Cd accumulating varieties. |
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