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| Risk assessment of aquatic ecosystem using pyraclostrobin in water spinach(Ipomoea aquatic Forsk) cultured in aquatic environment |
| Received:October 29, 2021 Revised:January 17, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:water spinach(Ipomoea aquatic Forsk)cultured in aquatic environment;pyraclostrobin;microcapsule suspension;suspension concentrate;aquatic ecosystem;risk assessment |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | SONG Wen | Risk Assessment Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products(Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | WANG Qiang | Risk Assessment Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products(Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | ZHANG Yi | Risk Assessment Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products(Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | XU Mingfei | Risk Assessment Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products(Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | CHEN Liping | Risk Assessment Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products(Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | CANG Tao | Risk Assessment Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products(Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | WU Changxing | Risk Assessment Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products(Hangzhou), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China | wucx@mail.zaas.ac.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to study the potential effects of pyraclostrobin exposure on the aquatic ecosystem, 25% pyraclostrobin suspension concentrate(SC)and 9% pyraclostrobin microcapsule suspension(CS)were sprayed on water spinach(Ipomoea aquatic Forsk)cultured in aquatic environments, at the initial stage of white rust. Residues of pyraclostrobin in the plant and water were detected, and the risk assessment of pyraclostrobin in aquatic ecosystem was conducted in combination with toxicological data. The dissipation of pyraclostrobin both in the water spinach and water were rapid. The half-lives of 25% pyraclostrobin SC and 9% pyraclostrobin CS in the plant were 2.9 d and 3.9 d, respectively. Compared with the SC formulation, the CS formulation had a longer effective period in the plant system. In water, both the formulations had very short half-lives of less than 2 days. The effective concentration of the CS formulation in water was less than that of the SC formulation. Based on the maximum environmental concentration and time-weighted mean concentration(TWM), the risk assessment results revealed that 25% pyraclostrobin SC posed unacceptable acute and chronic risks to vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as unacceptable chronic risks to primary producers. While the risk quotient(RQ)of 9% pyraclostrobin CS for each group of aquatic organisms was relatively less than that of 25% pyraclostrobin SC, its acute risks to vertebrates and invertebrates were still unacceptable, and the chronic RQ was less than 1 only in the TWM scenario. Our results indicated that the risk posed to aquatic ecosystems by pyraclostrobin products used on water spinach grown in water could not be ignored. Fish and invertebrates were the sensitive aquatic organisms of concern. Hence, some suggestions were put forward, such as avoiding using pyraclostrobin on aquatic vegetables, and revising proposed maximum residue limits for pyraclostrobin in aquatic vegetables. |
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