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| Effects of earthworms on the occurrence of chromium and bacterial communities in soils with different pH values |
| Received:November 02, 2021 |
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| KeyWord:Eisenia fetida;soil;pH value;chromium form;bacterial community |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WANG Haoyu | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | WEI Jie | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | SUN Jinyu | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | SONG Yan | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | GU Qiang | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | MI Wenhai | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | JU Jing | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | | | ZHAO Haitao | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | htzhao@yzu.edu.cn | | FENG Ke | College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
Jiangsu Yangzhou Agricultural Environmental Safety Technology Service Center, Yangzhou 225127, China
Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou 225127, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| A control experiment was conducted to explore the effects of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) activity on Cr occurrence and bacterial communities in soils with different acid-base (acidic, neutral, and alkaline with pH 5.88, 7.55, and 8.97, respectively) and Cr (15 mg·kg-1 and 50 mg · kg-1) levels. The results showed that after the addition of earthworms to acidic soils, the soil pH significantly increased. In neutral and alkaline soils, the soil pH was significantly reduced after consumption by earthworms. Consumption of soil by earthworms led to the pH becoming neutral, and the pH value of low Cr content soil was higher than that of high Cr content soil. Among the acid-base soils, the removal rate of Cr by earthworms was the highest in neutral soil. In neutral soil with a low Cr content, the Cr removal rate was 62.74%, whereas the Cr removal rate was 37.51% in neutral soil with a high Cr content. Earthworm biomass decreased significantly after consuming Cr-contaminated soil with different acidities and alkalinities, and the higher the soil Cr concentration, the greater was the Cr enrichment in earthworms. After consumption by earthworms, the content of acid-extractable Cr in the soil increased significantly at all pH values, and the residual Cr content was reduced dramatically; earthworms had the best effect on activating Cr in acidic soil. After consumption by earthworms, the abundance of Proteobacteria was increased in acidic soils, whereas that of Actinomycetes reduced. In contrast, the abundance of Actinomycetes increased in neutral and alkaline soils and that of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes reduced. Furthermore, the abundance of soil bacterial communities (Chao and ACE indices) was significantly increased and the diversity (Shannon index) significantly reduced. In summary, earthworms enriched and removed Cr in neutral soils through feeding and passive diffusion, and these effects were better than those in acidic and alkaline soils. Incorporating earthworms into the soil can effectively improve the bioavailability of Cr and change the bacterial community structure of the soil. |
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