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| Properties and residual liquid composition analysis of biochar obtained after hydrothermal carbonization of pig manure |
| Received:February 09, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:hydrothermal carbonization;biochar;pig manure;fermentation;carbonization temperature;residual liquid;composition analysis |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Yuxue | Institute of Environment Resource Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China | | | HE Lili | Institute of Environment Resource Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | CHEN Litian | Institute of Environment Resource Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China | | | LÜ Haohao | Institute of Environment Resource Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | WANG Yuying | Institute of Environment Resource Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China | | | YANG Lie | School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China | | | ZHONG Zheke | China National Bamboo Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China | | | YANG Shengmao | Institute of Environment Resource Soil and Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China | yangshengmao@263.net |
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| Abstract: |
| The preparation of biochar by hydrothermal carbonization is an important way to realize resource utilization of pig manure. Systematic studies on the hydrothermal carbonization of pig manure under different carbonization temperatures, especially on the composition of residual liquid, are scarce. In this study, pig manure and fermented pig manure were used as test materials to prepare biochar through hydrothermal carbonization process at different temperatures(180, 240℃, and 300℃). The physicochemical properties, such as composition, thermal stability, pore structure, and presence of surface functional groups, of the biochars derived from pig manure and fermented pig manure were measured; the composition of the residual liquid obtained during the hydrothermal carbonization was also analyzed. The results showed that the biochar from both pig manure and fermented pig manure had developed a porous structure and abundant surface functional groups. The H/C atomic ratio and thermal weight loss rate of the biochar prepared from pig manure and fermented pig manure decreased with increasing carbonization temperature, indicating increased thermochemical stability with increasing carbonization temperature. The residual liquid obtained during the hydrothermal carbonization of pig manure and fermented pig manure mainly comprised organic acids, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, pyrazines, phenol, and other substances. The compounds in the residual liquid were more abundant at higher carbonization temperature than at lower temperatures. Compared to pig manure, the residual liquid from the hydrothermal carbonization of fermented pig manure mainly comprised phenol, alkene, and ketone, and toxic compounds such as furan, pyridine, and pyrazine were absent. Our results indicate that the residual liquid from the hydrothermal carbonization of fermented pig manure at 300℃ can be used as liquid fertilizer having better safety and more advantages in resource utilization. |
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