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| Effects of management practices on the emission intensity of CH4 and N2O in a rice-wheat rotated field under nighttime warming |
| Received:September 19, 2022 |
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| KeyWord:nighttime warming;rice-wheat rotation;methane;nitrous oxide;greenhouse gas emission intensity |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Jiayi | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Huai'an Huaiyin District Meteorological Bureau, Huai'an 223300, China | | | LI Jun | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | | | LOU Yunsheng | Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | yslou@nuist.edu.cn | | ZHANG Zhen | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | | | MA Li | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | | | LI Rui | Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China | |
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| Abstract: |
| Climate change and water shortage are the two important drivers of food insecurity. It is a common concern of humankind to improve the food production potential to cope with climate change by adopting the best management practices(e.g., irrigation methods and sowing date). A field-scale simulation experiment was performed to quantify the effects of management practices(water-saving irrigation and late sowing) on yield and greenhouse gas emissions(CH4 and N2O) in a rice-wheat rotated field in response to nighttime warming. An experimental design with three factors and with two levels per factor was adopted in this study. The two levels of nighttime temperature were set as ambient temperature(CK, control) and nighttime warming(NW). The crop canopy was covered with aluminum foil film at night(19:00 to 6:00) to simulate nighttime warming. The two levels of irrigation in rice-growing season were set as conventional irrigation(F, intermittent flooding with a 5-cm water layer) and water-saving irrigation(M, moistening without water layer). The two levels of sowing date of winter wheat were set as normal sowing date(NS) and late sowing date(LS). Results showed that, compared with that of the control, nighttime warming or water-saving irrigation reduced rice biomass and yield by 14.69%-18.16% and 7.27%-9.14%, respectively, whereas late sowing increased wheat yield by 0.71%. Compared with the CH4 efflux with ambient temperature and flooding irrigation, CH4 efflux from rice field significantly declined with nighttime warming or water-saving irrigation but significantly rose with nighttime warming under water-saving irrigation. Under ambient temperature, compared with that of flooding irrigation, water-saving irrigation significantly reduced the cumulative CH4 emission by 79.46% but significantly promoted the cumulative N2O emission by 97.21%. Under nighttime warming, water-saving irrigation significantly increased the cumulative CH4 and N2O emissions by 39.98% and 45.62%, respectively, compared with that of flooding irrigation. Compared with that of the control, late sowing significantly reduced the cumulative N2O emission by 21.46%-53.77% in wheat field. Global warming/cooling potential(SGWP/SGCP) was used to evaluate the contribution of the greenhouse gas emissions during the rice-and wheat-growing seasons to global warming potential in the rice-wheat rotation field. The contribution of CH 4 emissions from the rice field was dominant in all the treatments. Nighttime warming significantly decreased the greenhouse gas emission intensity(GHGI) of the rice-wheat rotated field with flooding irrigation and normal sowing but significantly increased GHGI of the field with water-saving irrigation and late sowing. Given the increased yield and environmental benefits, this study suggests that conventional irrigation(intermittent flooding) for rice and normal sowing for wheat are the effective management practices for the rice-wheat rotation field to cope with global warming in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. |
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