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| Combined effects of decabromodiphenyl ether and cadmium on the seed germination and seedling growth of rice（Oryza sativa L.） |
| Received:April 08, 2023 |
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| KeyWord:BDE-209;Cd;co-contamination;germination;phototoxicity;rice |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LU Yunqing | School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China | | | ZHOU Changrui | School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, China | | | YANG Yao | School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China | | | PENG Cheng | School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China | cpeng@ecust.edu.cn | | LIN Kuangfei | School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China | kflin@ecust.edu.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| In order to evaluate the combined phytotoxicity of decabromodiphenyl ether （BDE-209）and cadmium（Cd）, hydroponic experiments were conducted; we specifically evaluated the singular and combined effects of BDE - 209 and Cd on the seed germination, seedling upgrowth, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant enzymes activities of Oryza sativa L. The results of this study showed that the singular effect of Cd and BDE-209 at low concentrations was the promotion of germination and growth of seeds, whereas higher Cd- or BDE-209- induced stress led to a corresponding decrease in various parameters. The combined effect of BDE-209 and Cd was synergistic at 1 mg·L-1 of Cd-induced stress and antagonistic at 50 mg·L-1 of Cd-induced stress. There was a significant dose-response relationship between Cd and the growth parameters of O. sativa, among which the root was the most sensitive. Further, there was a dose-response relationship between BDE-209 and root parameters. The calculated IC50 values for root biomass were 5.05 mg·L-1 and 6.09 mg·L-1 under Cd-induced stress and BDE-209-induced stress, respectively. The singular effect of Cd and BDE-209 treatment was the enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities in rice seedling leaves. Specifically, SOD was determined to act as an effective biomarker for BDE-209 contamination, while POD was more sensitive to Cd contamination. Overall, this study demonstrated that BDE-209 could alleviate the toxic effects of highconcentration Cd on seed germination and seedling growth. |
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