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| Expression response of the lysozyme gene in Pacific oysters（Crassostrea gigas）to four sulfonamide antibiotics |
| Received:December 24, 2024 |
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| KeyWord:sulfonamide antibiotics;Crassostrea gigas;lysozyme;gene expression |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | CHEN Hao | College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | | | LI Shujun | Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | | | YE Lin | College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | | | FENG Xiaolong | College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | | | SUN Jing | Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | | | SU Bo | Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | | | JI Chenglong | CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchYIC, Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | | | YOU Liping | Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | youliping521@163.com | | MA Yuanqing | Observation and Research Station of Laizhou Bay Marine Ecosystem, MNR, Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Restoration, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China | mayuanqing@shandong.cn |
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| Abstract: |
| To investigate the expression response of the lysozyme gene（LZM gene） in Pacific oysters（Crassostrea gigas） to four sulfonamide antibiotics, this study conducted exposure experiments using these antibiotics. Based on environmental survey concentrations of sulfonamides in marine systems, exposure doses were set at 5 μg·L-1 and 500 μg·L-1. Acute（48 h）and sub-chronic（14 d）antibiotic exposures were performed, followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge assays. Hepatopancreas and gill tissues were sampled for LZM gene expression analysis. The four antibiotics exhibited marked differences in their effects on LZM gene expression and associated biotoxic effects in Crassostrea gigas. Sulfamonomethoxine（SMT）and sulfadoxine（SDX）demonstrated significant inhibitory activity on LZM gene expression in both gill tissues（SMT and SDX inhibition rate was approximately 69% and 72%, respectively）and hepatopancreas（SMT and SDX inhibition rate was approximately 70% and 74%, respectively） compared to control. In contrast, sulfamonomethoxine（SMM） demonstrated better biological immune adaptability, with its toxic effects markedly increasing under high-concentration, long-term exposure. After bacterial challenge experiments, SMT and SDX exposure did not reduce the oysters ′ immune capacity against Vibrio compared to the control group. SMM and sulfamethoxazole（SMX） appeared to enhance the oysters′ immune response to Vibrio. Additionally, the immune response of oysters to Vibrio exhibited tissue-specific differences, with more pronounced LZM gene expression in the hepatopancreas compared to gill tissues. The study concluded that sulfonamide antibiotic exposure can alter the expression of the LZM gene in Pacific oysters. However, further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the bioeffects of sulfonamide antibiotics on oysters and determine the threshold for their impact on oyster immunity. |
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