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| 垄厢栽培模式下厢宽和种植密度对双季稻田甲烷排放的影响 |
| Effects of ridge box cultivation mode and planting density on methane emissions from double cropping rice |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-09 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0178 |
| 中文关键词: 双季稻，垄厢栽培，种植密度，甲烷排放，活性有机碳组分 |
| 英文关键词: double cropping rice, ridge furrow cultivation, planting density, methane emission, active organic carbon fraction |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题：南方双季稻丰产低碳技术模式及配套机具（2022YFD2300305） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨垄厢栽培模式下不同厢宽和种植密度对双季稻田甲烷（CH4）排放及土壤活性有机碳组分的影响，本研究于2023—2024年开展双季稻大田试验，采用双因素随机区组试验设计，设置平作、1 m厢宽、2 m厢宽3种栽培模式，以及常规（早稻：13 cm×25 cm；晚稻：14 cm×25 cm）和增密20%（早稻11 cm×25 cm；晚稻：12 cm×25 cm）两种种植密度，共6个处理，即C0W0（平作+常规密度）、C1W0（平作+增密20%）、C0W1（1 m+常规密度）、C1W1（1 m+增密20%）、C0W2（2 m+常规密度）和C1W2（2 m+增密20%）。测定了稻田CH4排放通量和土壤活性有机碳组分，比较分析不同厢宽和种植密度下双季稻田CH4排放差异。结果表明：两年间C0W1处理的双季稻栽培体系CH4累积排放量最低，与对照组C0W0处理相比，C0W1早稻田CH4累积排放量分别降低22.85%（2023年，P<0.05）和24.14%（2024年，P<0.05），周年累积排放量分别降低15.81%（2023年，P<0.05）和18.65%（2024年，P<0.05）。此外，两种土壤活性有机碳组分在2023—2024年水稻生育期内具有各自独特的年际变化规律。2023—2024年厢作全季土壤水溶性有机碳（DOC）和土壤微生物量碳（MBC）含量均低于平作，尤其是在2023年晚稻分蘖期，C0W1处理的两种活性有机碳组分含量显著低于C0W0处理，降幅分别达到22.37%和14.82%（P<0.05）。而在同一栽培模式下，常规种植密度处理稻田DOC和MBC含量均低于增密20%处理组。研究表明，垄厢栽培和种植密度互作模式在一定程度上均能降低CH4的排放，综合考虑固碳减排等方面，以1 m厢宽结合常规种植密度模式的稻田CH4减排效果最佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the effects of different ridge widths and planting densities on methane（CH4）emissions and soil active organic carbon fractions in double-cropping rice fields under ridge-furrow cultivation, a field experiment was conducted from 2023 to 2024. A two-factor randomized block design was adopted, with three cultivation patterns：flat planting, 1 m ridge width, and 2 m ridge width, and two planting densities：conventional（early rice：13 cm×25 cm; late rice：14 cm×25 cm）and 20% increased density（early rice：11 cm×25 cm; late rice： 12 cm × 25 cm）. A total of six treatments were set up, namely C0W0（flat planting + conventional density）, C1W0（flat planting + 20% increased density）, C0W1（1 m ridge width+ conventional density）, C1W1（1 m ridge width+20% increased density）, C0W2（2 m ridge width+conventional density）, and C1W2（2 m ridge width+20% increased density）. The CH4 emission fluxes and soil active organic carbon fractions were measured, and the differences in CH4 emissions under different ridge widths and planting densities were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the cumulative CH4 emissions of the double-cropping rice cultivation system with 1 m ridge width and conventional planting density（C0W1）were the lowest in both years. Compared with the control group, flat planting with conventional planting density（C0W0）, the cumulative CH4 emissions in the early rice field of C0W1 decreased by 22.85%（2023, P<0.05）and 24.14% （2024, P<0.05）, and the annual cumulative emissions decreased by 15.81%（2023, P<0.05）and 18.65%（2024, P<0.05）, respectively. Additionally, the two soil active organic carbon fractions had their own unique interannual variation patterns during the rice growth period from 2023 to 2024. The contents of soil dissolved organic carbon（DOC）and soil microbial biomass carbon（MBC）in the ridge-furrow cultivation throughout the whole season were lower than those in flat planting, especially in the late rice tillering stage of 2023, the contents of the two active organic carbon fractions in C0W1 treatment were significantly lower than those in C0W0 treatment, with reduction rates of 22.37% and 14.82%（P<0.05）, respectively. Under the same cultivation pattern, the contents of DOC and MBC in the rice field with conventional planting density were lower than those in the 20% increased density treatment. The study indicates that the ridge-furrow cultivation and planting density interaction model can reduce CH4 emissions to a certain extent. Considering carbon sequestration and emission reduction, the CH4 emission reduction effect of 1 m ridge width combined with conventional planting density is the best. |
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