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| 闲置宅基地复垦耕地适宜性及利用潜力评价——以天津市滨海新区某村为例 |
| Suitability and utilization potential evaluation of reclaimed cultivated lands in rural idle homestead：a case study of a certain village in Binhai New Area, Tianjin municipality |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-23 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0476 |
| 中文关键词: 宅基地，复垦，耕地适宜性，土壤肥力，改造利用 |
| 英文关键词: homestead, reclamation, cultivation suitability, soil fertility, reforming |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程（农业农村部环境保护科研监测所）项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 我国农村闲置宅基地面积较大，具有复垦为耕地的潜力，对其改造利用是补充被占用耕地的重要途径。本研究选取天津市滨海新区某村闲置宅基地为研究对象，采集土壤剖面样品60组，选取19种评价因子，利用模糊数学法结合多元统计学方法建立耕地适宜性评价模型，对复垦宅基地地力特征、环境质量及耕地适宜性进行评价，并对闲置宅基地改造利用潜力与对策进行分析。结果表明：研究区内宅基地土壤多为强碱性，盐渍化程度相对较轻，肥力处于极缺到中等水平；土壤污染水平为清洁，污染程度为安全，未受到重金属及有机物污染，几乎无微生物活动。宅基地耕地地力指数均值为0.629，在适宜性分级中属于三级，耕地适宜性评价等级为3.47级，对应为六等地，具有复垦为耕地的潜力，宜优先复垦为耕地。建议在复垦利用初期，需采取合适农艺措施弥补其养分缺乏、微生物作用弱的不足。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The total areas of idle homestead in rural China are enormous, which have great potential for reclamation into cultivated acre. It is an important to supplement the occupied cultivable acres by reforming idle homestead. The study took idle homestead of a certain village in Binhai New Area of Tianjin municipality as the subject. Totally, 60 sets of soil profile samples were collected, and 19 evaluation factors were selected. Fuzzy mathematics combined with multivariate statistics were conducted to establish a cultivated land suitability evaluation model, which was to evaluate the land capacity, environmental quality, cultivate land suitability, and analysis the utilization potential and countermeasures of reclaiming the homestead. The results showed that the homestead soil was mostly strongly alkaline, with a relatively low degree of salinization and a fertility level ranging from extremely deficient to moderate. The homestead soil was clean, the pollution degree was safe, and it was almost free from heavy metal and organic pollutants, but lack of microbial activity. The average integrated fertility index of idle homestead was 0.629, which belongs to the third grade in the suitability grading table, and the evaluation grade of cultivated land suitability was 3.47, corresponding to the sixth grade. It could be considered as the candidates of cultivable acre potentially, which is advisable to prioritize the reclamation for cultivated acre. In the initial stage of reclamation, appropriate agronomic measures should be adopted to make up for the deficiency of nutrients and the weak microbial activity. |
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