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| 外源硒肥对藜麦生物学指标及其生理特性的影响 |
| Effects of exogenous selenium fertilizer on biological indexes and physiological characteristics of quinoa |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-09 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0787 |
| 中文关键词: 藜麦 叶面喷硒 生理特性 亚硒酸钠 产量 |
| 英文关键词: quinoa foliar spraying selenium physiological characteristic sodium selenite yield |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目（2022B02010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究叶面喷硒对藜麦生长指标、产量、籽粒硒含量和生理特性的影响，明确更适合藜麦生长的外源硒浓度，本研究以藜麦（Chenopodium quinoa Willd.）为材料，利用亚硒酸钠进行叶面喷施，设置硒浓度水平为 0（喷清水，CK）、5（Se1）、10（Se2）、20（Se3）、30 mg·L-1（Se4）和40 mg·L-1（Se5）共6个处理，对其生长指标、产量、籽粒硒含量及生理指标进行了分析。结果表明，施硒7d后，藜麦的株高和茎粗在Se4处理下增幅最大；成熟期藜麦的总生物量在Se4处理下最大；Se4处理的藜麦籽粒产量比CK处理显著高32.26%；Se4、Se5处理的藜麦籽粒硒含量较CK处理显著增加了247.39%和268.55%。Spearman检验发现，藜麦谷胱甘肽过氧化酶与过氧化物酶呈极显著的正相关关系；Mantel检验表明，类胡萝卜素、过氧化物酶、脯氨酸、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶活性与硒添加水平之间存在显著的正相关关系。综合分析表明，硒对藜麦的生理机能至关重要，硒通过渗透调节和清除有害的氧自由基等方式，增强了藜麦在生长后期抗衰老的能力，促进籽粒灌浆；同时叶面施30 mg·L-1亚硒酸钠，对于提高藜麦的产量和籽粒硒含量效果最好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study aimed to investigate the effects of leaf-applied selenium on the growth, yield, grain selenium content, and physiological characteristics of quinoa（Chenopodium quinoa Willd.）and to identify the optimal exogenous selenium concentration for enhancing quinoa growth. Sodium selenite was applied via foliar spraying, with treatments including control group without selenium（0 mg· L-1, CK）and five varying levels of selenium application：5（Se1）, 10（Se2）, 20（Se3）, 30 mg · L-1（Se4）, and 40 mg · L-1（Se5）. Growth indices, yield, grain selenium content, and physiological parameters were analyzed. Results indicated that after 7 days of Se application, plant height and stem diameter exhibited the greatest increase under Se4 treatment. At maturity, total biomass was highest in plants treated with Se4. The grain yield for quinoa subjected to Se4 was found to be 32.26% greater than that of CK without any selenium application. Additionally, the seed selenium content for treatments Se4 and Se5 was observed to be 247.39% and 268.55% higher than that of CK, respectively. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between glutathione peroxidase activity and peroxidase levels in quinoa samples. Mantel test results demonstrated that activities related to carotenoids, peroxidase enzymes, proline accumulation, and glutathione peroxidase were positively correlated with supplemental selenium levels. Comprehensive analysis underscored the critical role of selenium in enhancing physiological functions within quinoa; it improved anti-aging capabilities while promoting grain filling through osmoregulation mechanisms and scavenging harmful reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, applying sodium selenite at a concentration of 30 mg·L-1 on leaf surfaces proved most effective for augmenting both yield and grain selenium content. |
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