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| 我国农村生活污水与农田退水面源氮磷污染生态净化技术现状与研究进展 |
| Present situation and progress of ecological purification technology for nitrogen and phosphorus pollution from rural domestic sewage and farmland water surface in China |
| Received:January 10, 2024 Revised:March 20, 2024 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0020 |
| 中文关键词: 面源污染，生态净化，运维管理，人工湿地，标准，评价方法 |
| 英文关键词: non-point source pollution, ecological purification, operation and maintenance management, constructed wetland, standard, evaluation method |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFC3201505）；国家自然科学基金项目（42207154）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（2022YSKY-50）；长江生态环境保护修复联合研究二期项目（2022-LHYJ-02-0511-02） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | JIANG Yungeng | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China | | | ZHANG Jing | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China | jingzhang.ecp@foxmail.com | | LU Shaoyong | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China | lushy2000@163.com | | LIU Xiaoxin | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China
Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou 061001, China | | | WANG Zexin | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China
Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou 061001, China | | | YANG Jiapeng | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China | | | AI Yajing | Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Beijing 100012, China
Cangzhou Normal University, Cangzhou 061001, China | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 当前，我国农村生活污水与农田退水面源氮磷污染尚未得到有效治理，解决此类污染的代表措施——“生态净化技术”的发展广受关注。本文从技术发展、技术标准、技术体系三个角度切入，对农村生活污水与农田退水氮磷污染生态净化技术进行梳理分析。技术发展从分析和介绍当前热门生态净化技术的研究进展开始，通过调研整理这些技术在我国的推广和应用，梳理其在我国不同区域的发展特征，归纳出当前生态净化技术应用所面临的困难。当前相关部门对生态净化工程的监管仅关注出水水质的达标率，缺乏有效的后期维护及意见调查反馈。在技术标准方面，本文梳理了关于已发布实施的生态净化工程的的系列标准，认为应引入综合效益评价方法，以完善我国生态净化工程的评价体系。在技术体系方面，以生态净化技术的拦截性和修复性为依据对单一技术进行分类，并分别针对农村生活污水、农田退水提出了对应的技术联用体系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| At present, the pollution of nitrogen and phosphorus in rural domestic sewage and farmland drainage has not been effectively controlled. The development of“ecological purification technology”, a representative measure to solve such pollution, has attracted wide attention. This paper analyzes the ecological purification technology of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in rural domestic sewage and farmland drainage from three perspectives of technology development, technical standards and technical system. The development of technology starts with the analysis and introduction of the current research progress of popular ecological purification technologies. Through the investigation and collation of the promotion and application of these technologies in China, the development characteristics of these technologies in different regions of China are sorted out, and the difficulties faced by the application of current ecological purification technologies are summarized. At present, the relevant departments only pay attention to the compliance rate of effluent quality in the supervision of ecological purification projects, and lack effective post-maintenance and opinion survey feedback. In terms of technical standards, this paper sorts out a series of standards on ecological purification projects that have been issued and implemented, and believes that comprehensive benefit evaluation methods should be introduced to improve the evaluation system of ecological purification projects in China. In terms of technical system, the single technology is classified according to the interception and repairability of ecological purification technology, and the corresponding technical combination system is summarized for rural domestic sewage and farmland drainage. |
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