长期施肥配施DCD处理对菜地土壤N<sub>2</sub>O短期排放影响的模拟研究

陈安琦; 郑祥洲; 郭宝玲; 王煌平; 张玉树

文章摘要

长期施肥配施DCD处理对菜地土壤N₂O短期排放影响的模拟研究

Simulation on short-term emission of N₂O from vegetable soil under long-term fertilization combined with DCD treatment

Received:July 22, 2023 Revised:November 13, 2023

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2023.0475

中文关键词: 长期施肥，DCD，N₂O排放，温度，培养试验

英文关键词: long-term fertilization, DCD, N₂O emission, temperature, culture experiment

基金项目:福建省农业科学院科技创新团队项目（CXTD202102-2）；“5511”协同创新工程（XTCXGC2021009）；福建省农业科学院英才项目（YC2021010）；福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项（2023R1073）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
CHEN Anqi	College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
ZHENG Xiangzhou	Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
GUO Baoling	Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
WANG Huangping	Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China	huangping-5539@163.com
ZHANG Yushu	Institute of Resources, Environment and Soil Fertilizer, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China

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中文摘要:

为研究长期不同肥源配施双氰胺（Dicyandiamide，DCD）对菜地土壤氧化亚氮（N₂O）等温室气体短期排放规律的影响，本研究以长期不同肥源配施 DCD 的定位试验土壤为研究对象，通过短期室内模拟培养试验，研究牛粪（OM）、化肥（F）、牛粪+DCD（OMD）、化肥+DCD（FD）和 1/2化肥+1/2牛粪（FOM）5个处理在不同温度下 15 d内的 CO₂、N₂O、CH₄动态变化特征和累积排放量。结果表明：15 ℃和25 ℃条件下各施肥处理CO₂累积排放量分别为25.39~52.01 mg·k^-1和62.35~122.80 mg·k^-1，N₂O累积排放量分别为6.02~16.60 μg·k^-1和14.45~117.78 μg·k^-1，CH₄累积排放量分别为-3.17~14.87 μg·k^-1和4.09~23.56 μg·k^-1。与15 ℃相比，25 ℃条件下除FOM处理外，其他处理N₂O与CO₂累积排放量均显著增加（P<0.05）。相比于OM和OMD处理，F、FD、FOM处理在两种温度条件下 CO₂排放都显著降低；在 25 ℃下，OMD、FD、FOM 处理 N₂O 排放峰值和累积排放量较 OM 和 F 处理显著降低（P<0.05），在15 ℃下，所有处理N₂O累积排放量差异均不明显。短期排放模拟研究显示，CO₂排放量与土壤pH、总氮（TN）含量呈极显著正相关，与速效磷（Olsen-P）含量呈极显著负相关，15 ℃条件下CH₄累积排放量与土壤有机质（SOM）呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。研究表明，较高温度条件下，与有机肥或化肥单施相比，长期配施DCD或有机无机配施能显著减少菜地土壤N₂O排放。研究结果可为长期施用DCD的菜地土壤温室气体排放提供参考。

英文摘要:

To investigate the effects of long-term dicyandiamide（DCD）application on N₂O and other greenhouse gas flux from vegetable fields, an incubation experiment was conducted. Soil samples were collected from a long-term localization experiment using different fertilizers in conjunction with DCD, and the dynamic changes and cumulative emissions of CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄ were investigated using gas chromatography. A short-term indoor simulated incubation experiment was conducted with five treatments：cattle manure（OM）, chemical fertilizer（F）, cattle manure + DCD（OMD）, chemical fertilizer + DCD（FD）, and 1/2 chemical fertilizer + 1/2 cattle manure（FOM）at different temperatures for 15 days. The total CO₂ emissions under 15 ℃ and 25 ℃ were 25.39-52.01 mg·k^-1 and 62.35-122.80 mg·k^-1,respectively; the total N₂O emissions were 6.02-16.60 μg·k^-1 and 14.45-117.78 μg·k^-1 respectively, the total emissions of CH₄ are -3.17- 14.87 μg·k^-1 and 4.09-23.56 μg·k^-1. All treatments except FOM showed significantly higher N₂O and CO₂ emissions at 25 ℃ compared with 15 ℃（P<0.05）. Compared with OM and OMD, CO₂ emissions under both temperature conditions were significantly reduced by the treatments of F, FD, and FOM. At 25 ℃, compared with OM and F, the peak and cumulative N₂O emissions were significantly reduced by OMD, FD, and FOM（P<0.05）. At 15 ℃, there was no significant difference in N₂O cumulative emissions among all treatments. Short-term indoor simulated incubation experiment indicated that CO₂ emissions were significantly positively correlated with soil pH and total nitrogen （TN）content, and negatively correlated with Olsen-P content. There was a significant positive relationship between CH 4 emmissions and soil organic matter（SOM）under 15 ℃ conditions（P<0.01）. The results of this study indicated that compared with manure or chemical fertilizer alone at high-temperature conditions, N₂O emissions in vegetable fields could be reduced by long-term DCD application or manure combined with chemical fertilizer. The results of this study can provide a fundamental theory regarding greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the long-term use of DCD in vegetable fields.

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