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| 不同覆膜处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的影响 |
| Effects of different mulching regimes on soil microbial functional diversity of wheat fields in the dry tableland of south Shanxi Province |
| Received:January 13, 2024 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2024.0026 |
| 中文关键词: 覆膜处理，土壤微生物，碳源利用，功能多样性，相关性网络 |
| 英文关键词: mulching regime, soil microorganism, utilization of carbon sources, functional diversity, relationship network |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41907215）；山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研项目（SXYBKY2018009）；山西农业大学科技创新基金项目（2018YJ24） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | WU Min | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China | | | REN Shaocong | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China | | | SHANG Yanmeng | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China | | | XIE Yinghe | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China | | | LI Tingliang | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China | | | MENG Huisheng | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China | | | HAO Xianjun | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China | | | ZHANG Jie | College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China | zhangjzh@sxau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文通过研究不同覆膜处理对晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物的碳源利用差异，从微生物功能多样性角度探索当地最佳覆膜方式，为小麦增产提供理论依据。本研究在旱作小麦长期定位试验田中采集无膜（CK）、垄膜沟播（RMFS）和平膜穴播（FMD）3个处理的表层土样（0~20 cm），采用Biolog-ECO微平板法测定微生物群落的碳源利用能力和功能多样性。结果表明：与CK相比，两种覆膜处理均能提高土壤微生物对碳水化合物、酚酸类、羧酸类和氨基酸类碳源的利用能力。其中，FMD处理下微生物对碳源利用的 AWCD（平均颜色变化率）值、丰富度指数以及多样性指数分别为 0.90，23.67和 4.37，均显著高于其他处理（P<0.05）；主成分分析和聚类热图表明土壤微生物对碳源的利用在各处理间发生明显分异；相关性网络图表明两种覆膜处理均促进了微生物对多种碳源的利用（共170个相关性事件，其中127个正相关事件）；影响碳源利用的主控因素为积温（r=0.63，P=0.001）、产量（r=0.63，P=0.001）和硝态氮（r=0.37，P=0.047），且与吐温 80、D-纤维二糖、D-葡萄糖胺酸和 D-苹果酸的利用显著相关（P<0.05）。研究表明，覆膜处理有助于晋南旱塬麦田土壤微生物功能多样性的提升，尤其是平膜穴播，结合小麦增产效果来看，是一种适合在晋南黄土旱塬小麦种植区推广的覆膜方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, we studied how different film-mulching regimes affect the soil microbial functional diversity of wheat fields in the dry tableland of south Shanxi Province and explored the best local mulching regime from the aspect of microbial functional diversity. We aimed at providing the theoretical basis for high-yield wheat cultivation in the dry tableland of south Shanxi Province. We collected the topsoil samples（0-20 cm）under regimes of no mulching（CK）, ridge mulching and furrow seeding（RMFS）, and flat mulching and dibbling （FMD）, collecting samples from the long-term dryland wheat positioning experiment field. We measured the carbon source utilization capacity and functional diversity of microbial communities using the Biolog-ECO microplate method. Our results demonstrated that, compared with the CK, both of the two film-mulching regimes could improve the soil microbial utilization capacity concerning carbohydrates as well as phenolic, carboxylic, and amino acids. The AWCD value（0.90）and the carbon source utilization richness（23.67） and diversity（4.37）indices of the microorganisms were significantly higher upon the FMD than the other treatments（P<0.05）. Our principal component analysis and biclustering heatmap indicated that the soil microbial utilization of carbon sources varied significantly among the different treatments. The relationship networks revealed that both the two mulching regimes promoted the utilization of multiple carbon sources by the microorganisms. The main carbon source utilization-affecting factors were accumulated temperature, yield, and nitrate nitrogen, with which the utilization of Tween 40, D-cellobiose, D-glucosaminic acid and D-malic acid were also significantly correlated（P<0.05）. In conclusion, mulching can improve the functional diversity of soil microorganisms in the dry tableland of south Shanxi Province. In particular, flat mulching is suitable for widespread application in the dry tableland wheat cultivation region of south Shanxi Province. |
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