不同施肥措施对砂姜黑土有机碳及功能基因的影响

张十月; 段衍; 陶岐瑞; 张慧兰; 陈鸿; 李倩仪; 曹明辉; 吴丽芳

文章摘要

不同施肥措施对砂姜黑土有机碳及功能基因的影响

Effects of different fertilization regimes on organic carbon and functional genes in Shajiang black soil

Received:March 14, 2025

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0208

中文关键词: 砂姜黑土，施肥措施，有机碳组分，碳周转功能基因，团聚体

英文关键词: Shajiang black soil, fertilization regime, organic carbon fraction, carbon turnover functional gene, aggregate

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD2301403，2023YFD1901005）；中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院院长基金项目（YZJJ2023QN37）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
ZHANG Shiyue	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, 236626, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China
DUAN Yan	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, 236626, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China
TAO Qirui	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, 236626, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
ZHANG Huilan	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, 236626, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China CNSIG Anhui Hongsifang Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Hefei 231602, China
CHEN Hong	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, 236626, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China
LI Qianyi	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China
CAO Minghui	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, 236626, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China	mhcao@iim.ac.cn
WU Lifang	Ion Beam Biological Engineering and Green Agriculture Research Center, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China Taihe Experimental Station, Taihe, 236626, China Hefei Institute of Intelligent Breeding Accelerator Innovation, Hefei 231135, China University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China	lfwu@ipp.ac.cn

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中文摘要:

为探究不同施肥措施对砂姜黑土土壤有机碳（SOC）组分周转、团聚体形成以及微生物功能的协同调控机制，本研究依托田间定位试验（2018—2024年），以不施肥（CK）作为空白对照，探究秸秆还田（NFS）、秸秆还田配施复合肥（CFS）及秸秆还田配施羊粪（SMS）对作物产量、砂姜黑土有机碳组分和碳周转功能基因的影响。结果表明：与CK相比，CFS和SMS处理显著提升了小麦和玉米的产量、大团聚体的比例以及团聚结构的稳定性。不同施肥措施也是提升砂姜黑土有机碳组分及碳周转功能基因丰度的重要因素。与CK相比，CFS和SMS处理显著提升了SOC含量。其中，SMS处理下小麦季和玉米季颗粒有机碳（POC）含量分别增加了120.3%和100.2%；矿物结合有机碳（MaOC）含量分别增加了6.1%和6.7%。此外，SMS处理显著提升了土壤碳周转功能基因丰度，分别提升了小麦季和玉米季真菌cbhI基因丰度79.5%和150.8%，以及细菌GH48基因丰度161.8%和226.1%。相关性分析表明，土壤平均质量直径（MWD）和细菌GH48基因丰度是影响POC含量的重要因素；而MaOC含量与真菌cbhI基因丰度显著相关。秸秆还田配施羊粪通过协同提升作物产量、改良土壤团聚体结构和激发微生物功能等，有效促进SOC的积累，该措施可为消减砂姜黑土障碍因子、提升耕地产能及农业可持续发展提供一定的科学指导。

英文摘要:

To explore the synergistic regulatory mechanisms of different fertilization regimes on soil organic carbon（SOC）fraction turnover, aggregate formation, and microbial functions in Shajiang black soil, this study utilized a long-term field experiment（2018-2024）. Using no fertilization（CK）as a control, we investigated the effects of fertilization practices including straw return（NFS）, straw return combined with compound fertilizer（CFS）, and straw return combined with sheep manure（SMS）on crop yield, SOC fractions, and carbon turnover functional genes in Shajiang black soil. The results showed that compared with CK, both CFS and SMS treatments significantly increased wheat and maize yields, the proportion of macroaggregates, and aggregate stability. Diffierent fertilization regimes were also key factors enhancing SOC fractions and the abundance of carbon turnover functional genes in Shajiang black soil. Compared with CK, CFS and SMS significantly increased SOC content. Specifically, under SMS treatment, particulate organic carbon（POC）content increased by 120.3% and 100.2% in the wheat and maize seasons, respectively, while mineral-associated organic carbon（MaOC）content increased by 6.1% and 6.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the SMS treatment significantly increased the abundance of soil carbon turnover functional genes. It increased fungal cbhI gene abundance by 79.5% and 150.8% in the wheat and maize seasons, respectively, and bacterial GH48 gene abundance by 161.8% and 226.1%, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that soil mean weight diameter（MWD）and bacterial GH48 gene abundance were important factors influencing POC content, while MaOC content showed a significant relationship with fungal cbhI gene abundance. Straw return combined with sheep manure（SMS）effectively promoted SOC accumulation by synergistically enhancing crop yield, improving soil aggregate structure, and stimulating microbial functions. This approach provides valuable scientific guidance for mitigating soil constraints in Shajiang black soil, enhancing cropland productivity, and promoting sustainable agricultural development.

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