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| 枣-紫花苜蓿/杂草间作对滨海滩地土壤化学性状的影响 |
| Effects of jujube-alfalfa vs. weeds intercropping on soil chemical properties in coastal land |
| Received:February 09, 2025 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0076 |
| 中文关键词: 紫花苜蓿，枣园，黄河三角洲，盐滩，果园生草，可持续经营 |
| 英文关键词: alfalfa, jujube orchard, the Yellow River delta, saline flat, orchard ground cover with growing grasses, sustainable management |
| 基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（CAFYBB2020SZ001-3） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | LIU Fangfang | College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China | | | CHU Jianmin | Experimental Center of Desert Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Dengkou 015200, China
Coastal Forestry Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China | | | LIU Xinwei | College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257347, China
Dongying Technological Innovation Center for Monitoring and Remediation of Saline and Alkaline Barrier Soils, Dongying 257347, China | | | YANG Hongxiao | College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China | hongxiaoyang@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 枣园是黄河三角洲等滨海滩地开发利用的有效方式，为探究不同生草覆盖模式缓解滩地枣园地力衰退的效果，在潍坊市滨海荒滩枣园开展定位实验，自2019年设置枣-紫花苜蓿、枣-自然杂草两种间作模式，分别以紫花苜蓿和自生杂草为覆土生草，监测并比较2019—2022年0~20、20~40 cm土层中盐度、pH、全氮、全磷、全钾和有机质含量的变化。结果表明：在约4年杂草覆盖模式下，土壤盐度比初期提升28.33%，pH值提升3.45%，有机质含量提升61.84%，总磷含量降低35.42%，总氮含量降低15.11%，总钾含量提升90.10%；与同期杂草模式相比，紫花苜蓿覆盖模式下，土壤盐度降低15.52%，pH值提升0.87%，有机质含量提升8.94%，总磷含量提高12.69%，总氮含量提升15.14%，总钾含量降低0.29%。与杂草覆盖模式相比，紫花苜蓿覆盖模式在抑制土壤返盐，减缓总氮、总磷损失和提升土壤有机质含量上具有优势，在抑制pH和提升总钾含量上无优势，甚至稍有劣势。研究表明，仅凭紫花苜蓿覆盖不能完全抑制表土返盐和氮磷损失，须兼用其他措施才能解决枣园地力衰退的问题。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Establishing jujube orchards is a promising way for developing flat land in the Yellow River delta, but now it is challenged by soil degradation. To solve this problem, a positioning experiment was carried out at a coastal flat in the Weifang City. In 2019, two modes of jujube orchard were experimented, with planted alfalfa and wild weeds, respectively, as understory ground cover. Thus, their impacts on soil chemical properties in the orchard were observed and compared. The soil pH, salinity and contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and organic matter in the soil layers of 0-20 and 20-40 cm depth were measured and compared from 2019 to 2022. The results showed that, soil salinity and pH under the weed mulch increased by 28.33% and 3.45%, respectively, and the contents of organic matter and total potassium increased by 61.84% and 90.10%, while the contents of soil total phosphorous and total nitrogen decreased by 35.42% and 15.11%, respectively. Compared with the weed mulch mode, the mode of alfalfa mulch made soil salinity decreased by 15.52%, pH increased by 0.87%, organic matter content increased by 8.94%, total phosphorous content increased by 12.69%, total nitrogen content increased by 15.14%, but total potassium content decreased by 0.29%. The mode of alfalfa mulch is superior to that of weed mulch in withdrawing the increasing of soil salinity and loss of soil phosphorous and nitrogen, but slightly inferior in the aspect of soil pH and potassium improvement. Even so, the alfalfa mulch is not sufficient to completely prevent the tendency of soil salinization and nitrogen and phosphorous loss in the coastal orchard. |
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