有机肥替代化肥对砂姜黑土麦玉轮作条件下团聚体稳定性及土壤可蚀性的影响

童滢滢; 陈高才; 张垚; 程旭; 陈晓辉; 李硕; 张云华

文章摘要

有机肥替代化肥对砂姜黑土麦玉轮作条件下团聚体稳定性及土壤可蚀性的影响

Effects of organic fertilizer substitution for chemical fertilizer on aggregate stability and soil erodibility of lime concretion black soil under a wheat-maize rotation system

Received:February 12, 2026

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2026.0171

中文关键词: 有机肥替代化肥，砂姜黑土，团聚体分布，团聚体稳定性，土壤可蚀性

英文关键词: organic fertilizer substitution for chemical fertilizer, lime concretion black soil, aggregate distribution, aggregate stability, soil erodibility

基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD2302900）；国家自然科学基金项目（32272821）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Tong Yingying	Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizers Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resource Protection and Ecological Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Chen Gaocai	Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizers Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resource Protection and Ecological Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Zhang Yao	Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizers Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resource Protection and Ecological Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Cheng Xu	Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizers Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resource Protection and Ecological Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Chen Xiaohui	Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizers Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resource Protection and Ecological Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Li Shuo	Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizers Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resource Protection and Ecological Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China	muzishiye9011@163.com
Zhang Yunhua	Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Efficient Utilization of Nutrient Resources Anhui Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Manufacturing and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphate Fertilizers Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Arable Land Resource Protection and Ecological Restoration, Ministry of Natural Resources College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China	yunhua9681@163.com

Hits: 330

Download times: 47

中文摘要:

为探究有机肥替代化肥对砂姜黑土麦玉轮作条件下团聚体稳定性及土壤可蚀性的影响，为优化施肥管理和改良土壤结构提供科学依据，本研究依托长期定位试验，设置不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（CF）、有机肥替代15%化肥（M15）、有机肥替代30%化肥（M30）及单施有机肥（M100）5个处理，分析不同施肥措施下土壤理化性质、团聚体分布、团聚体稳定性及土壤可蚀性的变化特征，并结合Pearson相关性分析与随机森林模型识别关键驱动因子。结果表明，与CK处理相比，有机肥替代化肥显著改善了土壤理化性质，其中M30处理提升效果显著。两季土壤团聚体对施肥措施的响应趋势总体一致，均表现为有机肥替代化肥增加>0.25 mm团聚体含量，提高团聚体稳定性并降低土壤可蚀性，但响应程度存在季节差异。小麦季和玉米季优势粒级分别为0.25~2 mm和>2 mm团聚体。与CF处理相比，有机肥替代化肥显著提高了水稳性大团聚体含量（WSA_>0.25）、平均重量直径（MWD）和几何平均直径（GMD），同时显著降低了分形维数（FD）和可蚀性因子（K factor），其中M30处理表现最优。与CF处理相比，小麦季M30处理WSA_>0.25提高了8.1个百分点，MWD和GMD分别提高了23.0%和46.2%；玉米季M30处理WSA_>0.25提高了8.5个百分点，MWD和GMD分别提高了6.7%和30.3%。相关性分析显示，WSA_>0.25、MWD和GMD均与>0.25 mm团聚体含量、全氮（TN）、有效磷（AP）、阳离子交换量（CEC）、交换性钙（Ca²⁺）和交换性镁（Mg²⁺）呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。随机森林分析进一步表明，团聚体粒级分布、CEC和Ca²⁺是影响小麦季和玉米季团聚体稳定性与土壤可蚀性的关键因子。综上，有机肥替代30%化肥处理（M30）通过改善土壤理化性质，尤其是提高CEC和Ca²⁺含量，增强阳离子桥联作用，进而促进大团聚体形成，是提升砂姜黑土结构稳定性和抗侵蚀能力的适宜施肥模式。

英文摘要:

To investigate the effect of substituting chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on aggregate stability and soil erodibility under a wheat-maize rotation system in lime concretion black soil, and to provide a scientific basis for optimizing fertilization management and improving soil structure, a long-term field experiment was conducted. Five treatments were established：no fertilization（CK）, chemical fertilizer alone（CF）, 15% substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer（M15）, 30% substitution（M30）, and organic fertilizer alone（M100）. Changes in soil phy sicochemical properties, aggregate distribution, aggregate stability, and soil erodibility under different fertilization regimes were analyzed, and key driving factors were identified using Pearson correlation analysis and a random forest model. The results showed that, compared with CK, organic fertilizer substitution significantly improved soil phy sicochemical properties, with the M30 treatment showing the best performance. The response patterns of soil aggregates to fertilization were generally consistent in both seasons, with organic fertilizer substitution increasing the proportion of aggregates >0.25 mm, enhancing aggregate stability, and reducing soil erodibility. However, seasonal differences were observed, with the dominant aggregate size fractions being 0.25-2 mm in the wheat season and >2 mm in the maize season. Compared with CF treatment, organic fertilizer substitution significantly increased the content of water-stable macroaggregates（WSA_>0.25）, mean weight diameter（MWD）, and geometric mean diameter（GMD）, while significantly decreasing fractal dimension（FD）and the soil erodibility factor（K factor）, with the M30 treatment showing the best performance. Compared with CF treatment, the M30 treatment in the wheat season increased WSA_>0.25 by 8.1 percentage points, and increased MWD and GMD by 23.0% and 46.2%, respectively; in the maize season, WSA_>0.25 increased by 8.5 percentage points, while MWD and GMD increased by 6.7% and 30.3%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that WSA_>0.25, MWD, and GMD were significantly positively correlated with the content of >0.25 mm aggregates, total nitrogen（TN）, available phosphorus（AP）, cation exchange capacity（CEC）, exchangeable calcium（Ca²⁺）, and exchangeable magnesium（Mg²⁺）（P<0.05）. Random forest analysis further indicated that aggregate size distribution, CEC, and Ca²⁺ were the key factors affecting aggregate stability and soil erodibility in both cropping seasons. In summary, the substitution of 30% chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer（M30）improved soil phy sicochemical properties, particularly by increasing CEC and Ca²⁺ content, enhancing cation bridging, and promoting the formation of large aggregates. This treatment represents an effective fertilization strategy for improving soil structural stability and erosion resistance in lime concretion black soil.

HTML View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader