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| 赖氨酸叶面肥施用对小麦产量和品质的影响 |
| Effects of foliar fertilizer application of lysine on wheat yield and quality |
| Received:December 02, 2025 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.1223 |
| 中文关键词: 赖氨酸叶面肥，光合特性，酶活性，养分积累，产量，品质 |
| 英文关键词: lysine foliar fertilizer, photosynthetic characteristic, enzyme activity, nutrient accumulation, yield, quality |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFD2301402）；安徽省教育厅重点项目（2024AH050291）；安徽科技学院重点建设高原学科项目（XKXJGY001）；安徽省功能农业与功能食品重点实验室开放课题（iFAST-2025-3） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Lu Nana | School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Waste Fertilization Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement, Fengyang 233100, China | | | Wang Ling | School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Waste Fertilization Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement, Fengyang 233100, China | | | Wang Shilei | School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Waste Fertilization Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement, Fengyang 233100, China | | | Ye Xinping | School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Waste Fertilization Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement, Fengyang 233100, China | | | Chen Songling | School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Waste Fertilization Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture and Functional Food(Anhui Science and Technology University), Fengyang 233100, China | chensl@ahstu.edu.cn | | Wang Jianfei | School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Waste Fertilization Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement, Fengyang 233100, China | wangjf@ahstu.edu.cn | | Yuan Xianfu | School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China
Anhui Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Waste Fertilization Utilization and Cultivated Land Quality Improvement, Fengyang 233100, China | |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探索大宗发酵工业副产物的农业资源化利用途径，本研究以典型氨基酸工业副产物为原料研制赖氨酸叶面肥，通过田间试验探究不同喷施浓度对小麦产量、品质及生理特性的影响。以小麦安农859为供试材料，设置CK（喷施等量去离子水）、1.25（A1）、1.67（A2）、2.50 mL·L-1（A3）和5.00 mL·L-1（A4）5种浓度赖氨酸叶面处理，于返青期和孕穗期进行叶面喷施。在收获期测定小麦产量及其产量构成因素、品质、生物量以及各部位养分含量，并监测关键生育时期的生长指标、光合参数及叶片抗氧化酶活性。结果表明，随着赖氨酸叶面肥浓度增加，小麦产量、生物量、生理指标及养分积累总体呈先增后减趋势。与CK相比，A3显著提高了小麦生育中后期的叶面积指数，使单位面积穗数和地上部生物量分别显著增加了 12.78%和 22.28%；在养分与品质方面，A3处理促进了植株对大量元素（N、P、K）的吸收，增加了微量元素（Zn、Mo等）向生殖器官的转移，在保持籽粒核心蛋白质含量稳定的前提下，可溶性糖含量显著提高了1.69个百分点；在生理调控方面，A3处理下净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Gs）以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性均达到较高水平，表明其可协同增强光合能力和抗氧化代谢。综合而言，在常规基施化肥基础上，于小麦返青期和孕穗期各喷施一次2.50 mL·L-1赖氨酸叶面肥的增产提质效果最佳；鉴于工业副产物属性与大田环境的复杂性，本研究建立的浓度-效应结果可为同类发酵副产物在不同生态区的推广应用提供科学参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the ways of agricultural resource utilization for large-scale fermentation industry by-products, this study developed a lysine foliar fertilizer using typical amino acid industrial by-products as raw materials. Through field experiments, the effects of different spraying concentrations on wheat yield, quality and physiological characteristics were examined. Using wheat variety Annuo 859 as the test material, five concentrations of lysine foliar treatments were set：CK（spraying the same amount of deionized water）, A1（1.25 mL·L-1）, A2 （1.67 mL·L-1）, A3（2.50 mL·L-1）and A4（5.00 mL·L-1）. Foliar spraying was carried out during the green-up period and the booting period. At the harvest time, wheat yield and its yield components, quality, biomass and nutrient contents in different parts were measured, and growth indicators, photosynthetic parameters and leaf antioxidant enzyme activities during key growth periods were monitored. The results showed that as the concentration of lysine foliar fertilizer increased, wheat yield, biomass, physiological indicators and nutrient accumulation generally showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. Compared with CK, A3 significantly increased the leaf area index of wheat in the middle and late growth stages, and significantly increased the number of spikes per unit area and aboveground biomass by 12.78% and 22.28%, respectively. In terms of nutrients and quality, the A3 treatment promoted the absorption of macronutrients （N, P, K）by plants and the transfer of micronutrients（Zn, Mo, etc.）to reproductive organs, which significantly increased the soluble sugar content by 1.69 percentage points while maintaining the core protein content of grains stable. In terms of physiological regulation, the net photosynthetic rate（Pn）, stomatal conductance（Gs）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）and ascorbate peroxidase activity（APX）activities in the A3 treatment reached relatively high level, indicating that it could synergistically enhance photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant metabolism. In summary, on the basis of conventional base fertilizer application, spraying 2.50 mL·L-1 of this lysine foliar fertilizer once during the green-up period and the booting period of wheat achieved the best yield and quality improvement effect. Considering the complexity of the attributes of industrial by-products and the field environment, the concentration-effect results established in this study can provide a scientific reference for the promotion and application of similar fermentation by-products in different ecological areas. |
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