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| 农田土壤病原生物与污染物对微生物群落及生态功能的影响研究进展 |
| Research progress on the effect of agricultural soil pathogens and contaminants on microbial communities and ecological functions |
| Received:December 12, 2025 |
| DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.1274 |
| 中文关键词: 病原生物，土壤污染物，土壤微生物群落，根际微生态，复合胁迫 |
| 英文关键词: pathogen, soil contaminant, soil microbial community, rhizosphere microecology, combined stress |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划课题（2024YFD1701105 |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Wang Jing | Shandong Provincial Seed Management Station, Jinan 250100, China | | | Hao Tingting | Shouguang Vegetable Industry Development Center, Weifang 262700, China | | | Li Baojun | Weifang Agricultural Technology Extension, Weifang 261000, China | | | Wang Shifeng | Weifang Agricultural Technology Extension, Weifang 261000, China | | | Liu Jian | Weifang Agricultural Technology Extension, Weifang 261000, China | | | Zhang Cuilan | Shengcheng Subdistrict Office of Shouguang City, Weifang 262700, China | | | Liu Meixia | Shengcheng Subdistrict Office of Shouguang City, Weifang 262700, China | | | Zhao Zhiqiang | Shandong Provincial Station of Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection, Jinan 250100, China | wszzq87@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农田土壤是作物生产与多重生物胁迫、化学胁迫及微生物过程相互耦合的关键生态界面与作用载体。病原生物侵染、农药和重金属残留、微塑料累积、抗生素及其相关抗性基因输入，以及全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）等新污染物暴露，正在持续重塑土壤微生物群落的组成、装配与功能。已有研究揭示了病原生物通过调节根系分泌物、宿主免疫状态和根际资源配置驱动微生物群落偏移，以及污染物通过直接毒性、环境筛选、载体效应和共选择作用等影响关键功能群、网络稳定性及生物地球化学过程，但多聚焦单一胁迫或局部机制，对农田中病原生物与污染物共存条件下微生物群落响应的耦合路径及生态后果仍缺乏系统整合。本研究围绕病原生物效应、污染物效应及二者复合胁迫下的联合作用进行综述，重点梳理根际微环境重构、群落装配偏移、网络稳定性变化、抗性基因共选择和物质循环改变等关键过程。总体来看，以具体病害系统、污染场景和功能过程为分析单元，更有利于准确揭示微生物群落响应的情境依赖性与机制差异性，为农田土传病害防控、污染风险评估和土壤微生态功能恢复提供系统的分析框架。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Agricultural soil is a key ecological interface and functional carrier where crop production, multiple biological stresses, chemical stresses, and microbial processes are coupled. Pathogen invasion, pesticide and heavy-metal residues, microplastic accumulation, the input of antibiotics and related antibiotic resistance genes, and exposure to emerging contaminants such as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances（PFAS）are continuously reshaping the composition, assembly, and function of soil microbial communities. Previous studies showed that pathogens drove shifts in microbial communities by regulating root exudates, host immune status, and rhizosphere resource allocation, while contaminants affected key functional groups, network stability, and biogeochemical processes through direct toxicity, environmental filtering, carrier effects, and co-selection. However, most studies focused on single stressors or local mechanisms, and systematic integration is still lacking regarding the coupled pathways and ecological consequences of microbial community responses under the co-occurrence of pathogens and contaminants in agricultural soils. This review focuses on pathogen effects, contaminant effects, and their combined actions under compound stress, with emphasis on key processes such as rhizosphere microenvironment reconstruction, community assembly shifts, changes in network stability, co-selection of antibiotic resistance genes, and alteration of material cycling. This review suggests that using specific disease systems, contamination scenarios, and functional processes as analytical units is more conducive to accurately revealing the context dependence and mechanistic differences of microbial community responses, providing a systematic analytical framework for soil-borne disease control, contamination risk assessment, and restoration of soil microbial ecological functions in farmland soils. |
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