水稻突变体Osfc116的镉高效积累与吸附特性及其对酶解产糖产醇的促进作用

高冰; 余俊生; 魏锋; 王艳婷; 彭良才; 余华

文章摘要

水稻突变体Osfc116的镉高效积累与吸附特性及其对酶解产糖产醇的促进作用

Cadmium accumulation and adsorption of the rice mutant Osfc116 enhancing enzymatic hydrolysis and ethanol production

Received:May 07, 2025

DOI：10.13254/j.jare.2025.0399

中文关键词: 水稻秸秆，镉积累，酶解，生物乙醇，生物吸附剂

英文关键词: rice straw, Cd accumulation, enzymatic hydrolysis, bioethanol, biosorbent

基金项目:湖北工业大学博士科研启动金项目（XJ2024000402）

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Gao Bing	School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
Yu Junsheng	School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
Wei Feng	College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Wang Yanting	School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
Peng Liangcai	School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Yu Hua	School of Life and Health Sciences, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China	yh201906@foxmail.com

Hits: 207

Download times: 8

中文摘要:

重金属镉污染修复与农业生物质资源化协同利用是环境与能源领域的重要研究方向。传统植物修复存在重金属积累与生物质利用脱节的问题，而调控植物生理特性实现修复、转化、再利用的闭环是突破关键。本研究以水稻突变体Osfc116为材料，解析了镉胁迫下其镉积累、生物质转化及残渣吸附的协同机制。结果显示，与野生型（WT）相比，Osfc116积累镉的能力显著增强，其幼苗及成熟秸秆镉含量分别较WT提高了70.0%和25.9%，这与细胞壁组分调控相关。具体机制在于：Osfc116的细胞壁果胶含量较 WT提升了 16.2%~33.4%，伴随糖醛酸和去甲酯化半乳糖醛酸的沉积增强，促使羧基与羟基等负电基团增多，从而显著提升对Cd²⁺的结合能力，构成其高效镉积累的核心基础。同时，Osfc116的木质纤维素结晶度（CrI）、聚合度（DP）显著降低，使生物质降解效率提高49.1%，乙醇产率也同步提升；同时，秸秆中约88.9%的Cd²⁺可通过预处理及酶解过程释放并回收。此外，利用Osfc116发酵后的残渣可高效吸附重金属Cd²⁺，最大吸附量较WT提高了30.7%，这与残渣中活性基团及孔隙结构相关。基于此，本研究建立了高效积累镉-生物质易降解-残渣高效吸附的途径，为重金属污染修复与农业生物质资源化的协同利用提供了理论依据和实践思路。

英文摘要:

The synergistic remediation of heavy metal pollution and the valorization of agricultural biomass represent a significant research direction in the environmental and energy fields. Traditional phytoremediation is often hampered by the decoupling of heavy metal accumulation from biomass utilization. A key breakthrough lies in modulating plant physiological traits to establish a closed-loop "remediation-conversion-reuse" system. In this study, we investigated the synergistic mechanisms of cadmium（Cd） accumulation, biomass conversion, and residue adsorption in the rice mutant Osfc116 under Cd stress. Results showed that, compared with the wild type （WT）, Osfc116 possessed a significantly enhanced capacity for Cd accumulation, with Cd content in its seedlings and mature straw increasing by 70.0% and 25.9%, respectively. This enhancement was attributed to the modulation of cell wall components. Specifically, the pectin content in the cell walls of Osfc116 was elevated by 16.2%-33.4% over WT. The enhanced deposition of uronic and de-esterified galacturonic acids increased the abundance of negatively charged groups（carboxyl, hydroxyl）, which greatly strengthened Cd²⁺ binding and underpinned the high Cd accumulation capacity. Concurrently, the lignocellulose of Osfc116 exhibited significantly lower crystallinity（CrI） and degree of polymerization（DP）, which increased its biomass degradation efficiency by 49.1% and concurrently boosted ethanol yield. During this process, approximately 88.9% of the Cd²⁺ in the straw was released and recovered through pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Furthermore, the fermentation residue of Osfc116 served as an effective biosorbent for heavy metal Cd²⁺, with its maximum adsorption capacity showing a 30.7% increase over the WT residue, a feature linked to its abundant active functional groups and porous structure. Therefore, this study establishes an integrated efficient Cd accumulation, facile biomass degradation, and high-capacity residue adsorption pathway, providing a theoretical basis and practical strategy for the synergistic utilization of phytoremediation and agricultural biomass valorization.

HTML View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader