| .达里诺尔湖生物有效态重金属的形态分布及生态风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(2):. |
| 达里诺尔湖生物有效态重金属的形态分布及生态风险评价 |
| Speciation Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of the Bio-available Heavy Metals in Lake Dalinouer, China |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.02.019 |
| 中文关键词: 重金属 生物有效态 生态风险评价 达里诺尔湖 |
| 英文关键词: heavy metals bio-available fractions ecological risk assessment Lake Dalinouer |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以内蒙古赤峰市达里诺尔湖为研究对象，利用Tessier连续提取法，对表层沉积物及柱芯中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd 4种重金属的形态进行了研究。基于形态及上覆水、过滤水和孔隙水中重金属的浓度，探讨了重金属在水-沉积物界面间的迁移转化规律，评价了湖泊沉积物重金属的污染状况。结果表明：达里诺尔湖的水体环境污染是以Cu、Pb和Zn为主的多金属复合污染，Pb有从上覆水向沉积物迁移的显著趋势，Cu有从孔隙水向上覆水迁移的微弱趋势；沉积物中4种重金属生物有效态主导形态因其元素地球化学性质的差异性而存在差异，表层沉积物中Cu、Pb 、Zn和Cd 生物有效态的主导形态分别为有机硫化物结合态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态和碳酸盐结合态，分别占总生物有效态的61.64%、60.72%、71.50%和53.59%；水平方向上，总生物有效态重金属含量表现出从南西向北东逐渐减小的趋势；沉积柱芯中4种金属有效态之和波动变化，但在40 cm以下均随深度的增大呈现增加趋势。沉积物中4种金属的综合污染指数（RI）为41.18~155.64，空间分布上表现从南西向北东逐渐减小的趋势。达里诺尔湖尚处于轻微生态危害，但南部湖区重金属污染应引起重视。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this work, the levels and distribution characteristics of bio-available fractions of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in sediments of Lake Dalinouer were analyzed using a sequential extraction method to study their geochemical behaviors in lake sediment and to find their controlling factors. The migration laws of heavy metals at water- sediment interface were also discussed on the basis of metals concentration in water. The results showed that environmental problem in the studied lake was Cu, Zn, and Pb related multi-metal pollution, Pb presented a remarkable migration trend from overlying water to the sediment, while Cu showed tenuous migration characteristic from pore water to overlying water. There was a different effect on the mainly bio-available fraction of heavy metals, because of the difference of their geochemical characteristics. Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in the sediment core were dominated with bound to organic matter, carbonates, Fe-Mn oxides and carbonate, accounted for 61.6%, 60.7%, 71.5% and 53.6%, respectively. In horizontal direction, the bio-available fractions of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in surface sediments present an increasing trend from the southwest to northeast part of the lake; on the vertical dimension, the total levels of bio-available metal exhibit large fluctuation, but present an increased trend with depth increasing below 40 cm. The method of potential ecological risk index presented by Hakanson is used to assess heavy metals ecological risk. The results showed that the pollution index of the four metals ranged from 41.18 to 155.64 and present an increasing trend from southwest to northeast parts of the studied lake, indicated that the whole potential ecological risk of all heavy metals in Lake Dalinouer was low, and the pollution of southern lake should be taken into consideration seriously. |
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