追施沼液对不同pH土壤CH4和N2O排放的影响

靳红梅; 常志州

文章摘要

靳红梅,常志州.追施沼液对不同pH土壤CH4和N2O排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(8):1648-1655.

追施沼液对不同pH土壤CH4和N2O排放的影响

Effect of Soil pH on CH4 and N2O Emissions After Topdressing Digested Pig Slurry

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.08.023

中文关键词: 猪粪沼液 CH4和N2O排放土壤pH

英文关键词: digested pig slurry CH4 and N2O emissions soil pH

基金项目:

作者	单位
靳红梅	江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所江苏省农业废弃物资源化工程技术中心
常志州	江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所江苏省农业废弃物资源化工程技术中心

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中文摘要:

摸清不同pH土壤施用沼液后CH4和N2O的排放特征，对沼液农田回用的有效性及其养分管理具有重要意义。通过盆栽试验，探讨了猪粪沼液在pH为5.5（S5.5）、6.5（S6.5）和8.2（S8.2）的菜地土壤追施后CH4和N2O气体的排放特征。研究结果发现，不同pH菜地土壤追施猪粪沼液后，CH4和N2O排放速率和总量增加，特别是在S6.5和S8.2土壤中，二者增幅均显著高于施用化肥的处理。追施猪粪沼液后，CH4在pH较低的土壤（S5.5和S6.5）开始表现为负排放，随后逐渐表现为正排放，而在pH较高的土壤（S8.2）始终为正排放。N2O的排放表现为：S5.5土壤仅在第三次施沼液后，其N2O瞬时排放速率显著高于施用化肥和对照处理；而在S6.5和S8.2土壤N2O排放速率均显著增加，其平均排放速率显著高于施用化肥和对照处理。追施沼液后，整个生长季内CH4平均排放量在不同pH土壤间的变化趋势为S8.2>S6.5>S5.5，N2O排放的变化趋势为S6.5>S8.2>S5.5。碱性土壤上施用沼液会增加其氮素损失和环境污染的可能性。

英文摘要:

Applying the digested slurries to land is the most attractive and effective alternative in terms of economic and nutrient recycling issues. In order to better management of the nutrient of digested slurries, it is important to study the correspondences of greenhouse gases（CH4 and N2O emissions） to soil pH. In this study, soils with pH of 5.5（S5.5）, 6.5（S6.5） and 8.2（S8.2） were used to the pot experiment to study the effect of digested pig slurry（DPS） application on emissions of CH4 and N2O. Meanwhile, the application of chemical fertilizer（CF）and water without fertilizer（CT） were used to compare with DPS. The vegetable planting in the pot was crown daisy（Chrysanthemum carinatum Schousb.）. Results showed that emissions of CH4 and N2O increased after application of DPS. In S6.5 and S8.2, the increases of CH4 and N2O in DPS were significant compared with CF treatments. CH4 was negative release in lower pH soils, such as S5.5 and S6.5, after the early application of DPS. After that the emission became positive. But CH4 in S8.2 was always positive release. N2O in S5.5 was significantly higher in DPS treatments than that in CF and CT treatments at the third topdressing; while N2O in S6.5 and S8.2 were significantly higher than those in CF and CT treatments during the whole the growing period of crown daisy. The trend of average emission of CH4 in different soils was S8.2>S6.5>S5.5 after application of DPS, while that of N2O was S6.5>S8.2>S5.5. There was environmental risk after application of digested slurries in alkali soils.

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