大麦中镉的亚细胞分布和化学形态及PCs合成的基因型差异

陆仲烟; 刘仲齐; 宋正国; 张长波; 孙东发

文章摘要

陆仲烟,刘仲齐,宋正国,张长波,孙东发.大麦中镉的亚细胞分布和化学形态及PCs合成的基因型差异[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(11):2125-2131.

大麦中镉的亚细胞分布和化学形态及PCs合成的基因型差异

Subcellular Distribution and Chemical Forms of Cd and the Synthesis of Phytochelatins（PCs） in Different Barley Genotypes

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.11.004

中文关键词: 大麦镉亚细胞分布化学形态植物螯合肽

英文关键词: barley cadmium subcellular distribution chemical form phytochelatins

基金项目:

作者	单位
陆仲烟	农业部环境保护科研监测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心，天津 300191；农业部产地环境与农产品安全重点开放实验室，天津 300191
刘仲齐	农业部环境保护科研监测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心，天津 300191；农业部产地环境与农产品安全重点开放实验室，天津 300191
宋正国	农业部环境保护科研监测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心，天津 300191；农业部产地环境与农产品安全重点开放实验室，天津 300191
张长波	农业部环境保护科研监测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心，天津 300191；农业部产地环境与农产品安全重点开放实验室，天津 300191
孙东发	华中农业大学植物科学技术学院，武汉 430070

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中文摘要:

为探明不同基因型大麦对镉耐性和转运能力差异，选取大麦耐镉品种华10118和敏感品种华2255进行水培试验，比较不同镉处理下大麦根系和地上部中镉的亚细胞分布和化学形态的差异，并研究了根系和叶片中PCs含量对镉转运能力的影响。结果表明：华10118对镉的转运能力较差，地上部镉含量较低；镉在两个大麦品种中主要分布于细胞壁和胞液中，基本各占35%~44%，细胞器占5%~26%，华2255的细胞器组分中镉含量显著大于华10118,可能是华2255耐镉性差的原因。两个基因型大麦根系中的镉以醋酸提取态为主，而地上部中以NaCl提取态最多；华2255的乙醇提取态、去离子水提取态和NaCl提取态的镉含量较高，可能是其对镉转运能力较强和耐受性差的原因。华2255根系和叶片中的PC2和PC3含量都显著高于华10118，根系合成较多的PC2和PC3有助于镉从根部向地上部的转运。

英文摘要:

Cadmium has similar accumulation in different genotypes, but these genotypes suffer from different Cd toxicity. A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cd in plant roots and shoots using a Cd-tolerant variety Hua10118 and a Cd-sensitive variety Hua2255. The effects of phytochelatins（PCs） in the roots and leaves on the Cd transport rate were also examined. Experimental results showed that Cd transport rates and Cd concentrations in shoots of Hua10118 were lower than those of Hua2255. Cadmium distributed mainly in cell wall and cytosol in both varieties, each accounting for 35%~44%. Cadmium in the organelles was only 5%~26%. Cadmium concentration in cell organelles of hua2255 was higher than that of hua10118，probably resulting in more sensitivity of hua2255 to Cd. The predominant form of Cd in the roots was HAc-extractable Cd, but NaCl-extractable Cd in the shoots. The amounts of ethanol-extractable, water-extractable and NaCl-extractable Cd were higher in hua2255 than that in hua10118, leading to different Cd transport and tolerance between two varieties. The concentrations of PC2 and PC3 were remarkably higher in the roots and shoots of hua2255 than in hua10118, implying that synthesis of more PC2 and PC3 in root facilitated Cd transfer to shoot.

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