贵州喀斯特山区花椒林小生境类型与土壤环境因子的关系

廖洪凯; 李 娟; 龙 健; 张文娟; 刘灵飞

文章摘要

廖洪凯,李娟,龙健,张文娟,刘灵飞.贵州喀斯特山区花椒林小生境类型与土壤环境因子的关系[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(12):2429-2435.

贵州喀斯特山区花椒林小生境类型与土壤环境因子的关系

Soil Characteristics of Different Microhabitats of Chinese Prickly Ash in Karst Mountain Areas of Guizhou Province

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.12.016

中文关键词: 喀斯特小生境花椒林土壤有机碳基质诱导呼吸冗余分析

英文关键词: Karst microhabitat Chinese prickly ash soil organic carbon substrate-induced respiration

基金项目:

作者	单位
廖洪凯	贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境重点实验室，贵阳 550001
李娟	贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境重点实验室，贵阳 550001；贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院，贵阳 550001
龙健	贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境重点实验室，贵阳 550001
张文娟	贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境重点实验室，贵阳 550001；贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院，贵阳 550001
刘灵飞	贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境重点实验室，贵阳 550001

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中文摘要:

以贵州西南部典型喀斯特山区花椒林下不同小生境类型为研究对象，系统地研究了小生境类别与土壤环境因子的对应关系，结果表明：与一般土壤相比，石坑和石沟小生境土壤有机碳、活性有机碳、全氮、碱解氮和基质底物诱导呼吸量增加明显，并体现出良好的正向累积效应，而石洞、石缝和石槽则相反；土壤活性有机碳占总有机碳比例变幅范围在12.61%~15.73%之间，以石槽最高，石沟次之，一般土壤最低；不同小生境类型下，土壤团聚体均以大团聚体为主，<0.25 mm粒级团聚体含量极为低下，不足5%。通径分析结果显示，影响基质诱导呼吸作用最重要的因素是土壤有机碳含量，土壤活性有机碳含量次之，其通径系数分别可达1.530和0.869。总体上，花椒林下小生境可划分沟坑型、一般土及槽缝型三类，与槽缝型相比，沟坑型生境类型土壤有机碳、底物诱导呼吸、全氮、碱解氮、活性有机碳分别可高出73.38%、110.26%、37.01%、44.44%和59.73%。沟坑型小生境对喀斯特山区生态恢复及农业生产的可持续发展具有一定现实意义。

英文摘要:

The Chinese prickly ash is an economically important plant for water and soil conservation. An investigation was carried out into soil characteristics of different microhabitats of the Chinese prickly ash in the typical Karst region, southwest Guizhou Province. Compared with the normal soils in the region, soil organic carbon（SOC）, labile organic carbon（LOC）, total nitrogen（TN）, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen（AN）, and substrate-induced respiration（SIR） were all significantly higher in the stone gully and stone pit shaped microhabitats, whereas lower in stone crevice, stone cavern, and stone groove ones. The proportion of LOC to total SOC ranged from 12.61% to 15.73%, with the highest in stone groove, followed by stone gully, and lowest in normal soil. Large aggregates were dominant, while<0.25 mm aggregates was less than 5%. Path analyses showed SOC content was the most important factor affecting SIR, followed by LOC, with path coefficients of 1.530 and 0.869 for SOC and LOC, respectively. The microhabitats in Chinese prickly ash could be divided into three types, i.e. gully-pit type, normal soil, and groove-crevice. The contents of SOC, SIR, TN, AN, and LOC in soils of gully-pit shaped microhabitats significantly increased by 73.38%, 110.26%, 37.01%, 44.44%, and 59.73%, respectively, compared with those of the groove-crevice shaped ones. These results suggest that constructing gully-pit shaped microhabitats via engineering means, would be a good approach to ecological restoration and agricultural sustainability in Karst region.

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