施用蔗渣对土壤镉赋存形态和生物有效性的影响研究

孙文博; 莫创荣; 安鸿雪; 刘 侃; 崔 雯; 张超兰; 李小明

文章摘要

孙文博,莫创荣,安鸿雪,刘侃,崔雯,张超兰,李小明.施用蔗渣对土壤镉赋存形态和生物有效性的影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(9):1793-1799.

施用蔗渣对土壤镉赋存形态和生物有效性的影响研究

Effects of Bagasse Application on Speciation and Bioavailability of Cadmium in Contaminated Soi

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.09.013

中文关键词: 蔗渣镉生物有效性

英文关键词: bagasse cadmium bioavailability

基金项目:

作者	单位
孙文博	广西大学环境学
莫创荣	广西大学环境学
安鸿雪	广西大学环境学
刘侃	广西大学环境学
崔雯	广西大学环境学
张超兰	广西大学环境学
李小明	广西大学环境学

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中文摘要:

采用化学反应的合成方法向蔗渣中引入巯基官能团，并进行电镜扫描和红外光谱分析。在此基础上，通过土壤培养试验和生物盆栽试验，研究了蔗渣和改性蔗渣对模拟镉（Cd）污染农田土壤中镉的赋存形态和生物有效性的影响。结果表明，采用该合成方法，成功地向蔗渣中引入了巯基官能团。在土壤培养试验中，有机物对土壤Cd赋存形态的转化与土壤pH的相关性不明显，但与土壤中胡敏酸（HA）和富里酸（FA）含量的变化具有一定的相关性：土壤中HA含量随培养时间的延长而逐渐升高，各处理土壤弱酸提取态Cd含量相应减少，而土壤残余态Cd含量则逐渐增加，且巯基蔗渣的作用效果均强于未改性蔗渣。在生物盆栽试验研究中，外加5 mg·kg-1 Cd显著降低了小白菜的生物量，而施用有机物料对小白菜均有显著的增产效果，研究结果同时表明蔗渣和巯基蔗渣都不同程度降低了土壤有效态Cd的含量以及小白菜地上部分的镉含量，且巯基蔗渣的作用效果较为显著。另外，小白菜地上部分镉含量与小白菜生物量呈现显著负相关，与土壤有效镉含量呈显著正相关。

英文摘要:

To investigate the effect of bagasse on speciation and bioavailability of Cd in agricultural soil, the unmodified and thiol-modified bagasse were used as soil ameliorants in pot experiments and soil culture experiments, and the surface of thiol-modified bagasse was further characterized by SEM and FTIR. The results showed that about 0.96% of thiol was grafted onto the bagasse fibers. No significant correlation was found between the chemical speciation of Cd and pH in the soil, but the concentration of humic acid（HA） and fulvic acid（FA） in soils was found to correlate with that of Cd: The concentration of HA in the soil decreased with the incubation time, and the exchangeable Cd decreased, while the residual Cd increased in the soil, and the chemically thiol-modified sugarcane bagasse was more effective than the unmodified one. In the pot experiment, Brassica Chinensis biomass was decreased significantly by the addition of Cd（5 mg·kg-1） compared with uncontaminated soil. The two amendments significantly improved biomass, and remarkably decreased Cd content in Brassica Chinensis and the content of DTPA extractable Cd in the Cd-contaminated soil, and the effect of thiol-modified bagasse was more remarkable than unmodified one. It was also found that the concentration of Cd in Brassica Chinensis has a significant negative correlation with the biomass, whereas it has a significant positive correlation with the content of DTPA extractable Cd.

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