| 何飞飞,荣湘民,梁运姗,吴爱平,刘 强.生物炭对红壤菜田土理化性质和N2O、CO2排放的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(9):1893-1900. |
| 生物炭对红壤菜田土理化性质和N2O、CO2排放的影响 |
| Effects of Biochar on Soil Physichemical Properties and N2O, CO2 Emissions from Vegetable-planting Red Soil |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2013.09.027 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 N2O CO2 土壤理化性质 |
| 英文关键词: biochar N2O CO2 soil physichemical properties |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农业废弃物转化成生物炭还田是近年来推行的固碳减排新技术。我国蔬菜土壤施肥量大、灌溉频繁、温室气体排放量高，然而生物炭对蔬菜土壤理化性质及温室气体排放的影响还少有研究。以南方红壤菜田土为供试土壤，通过盆栽实验，研究不同生物炭施用量（0、2%、5%、10%干土）对土壤理化性质和N2O、CO2排放的影响。结果表明，蕹菜地上部和地下部干重以NB0.1（10%干土）处理最大，其余处理间没有差异。蕹菜收获后，土壤pH值、CEC值和持水量（WHC）随生物炭用量增加而升高，与单施氮肥、不施生物炭处理（NB0）相比，蕹菜收获后，生物炭处理土壤NH+4-N含量和氨氧化潜势（NO-2-N）显著降低，NO-3-N含量显著增加，N2O排放显著降低，但CO2排放显著增加。土壤NH+4-N是影响N2O排放的最主要因素，土壤pH值对CO2排放的贡献最大。需进一步研究所涉及的C、N转化过程以及土壤理化性质变化在这些过程中的作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Biochar from crop residues is one of the most recent environmental management approaches proposed for both carbon sequestration and global warming mitigation. Large greenhouse gas fluxes emitted from vegetable-planting soil induced by application of excessive amounts of chemical fertilizer and/or manure, and frequent irrigation are drawing more and more attention in China. However, few data of effect of biochar on soil physichemical properties and greenhouse gas fluxes from vegetable-planting soil are available. In a pot experiment with vegetable-planting acidic red soil, biochar was added to the soil（0, 2%, 5%, 10% dry soil weight） in a-60 day growing season so to measure the effect of biochar treatments on soil properties at final harvest. N2O and CO2 emmissions were monitered every 1~4 day after fertilization or irrigation events during experiment period. The results showed that, aboveground dry weight and underground dry weight with treatment NB0.1（10% dry soil weight） was significant higher than that of other treatments. Biochar incorporation into the soil increased soil pH, soil CEC and water holding capacity（WHC） at the end of experiment. Compared with treatment NB0（N fertilization, no biochar）, biochar treatments decreased soil NH+4-N, NO-2-N content and N2O emissions, while increased soil NO-3-N content and CO2 emissions at experiment end. With stepwise regression anlysis, decreasing soil NH+4-N resulting from biochar addition, was independent factor for N2O mitigation, while soil pH value was the most important reason for CO2 emissions in the experiment. Further studies are now required to assess the temporal dynamics of the carbon and nitrogen pools involved, and effect of soil physichemical properties change on soil C and N turnover dynamics. |
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