施用城市污泥堆肥对土壤和大豆器官重金属积累的影响

李淑芹; 田仲鹤; 金宏鑫; 于 淼; 许景钢

文章摘要

李淑芹,田仲鹤,金宏鑫,于淼,许景钢.施用城市污泥堆肥对土壤和大豆器官重金属积累的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(2):352-357.

施用城市污泥堆肥对土壤和大豆器官重金属积累的影响

Effects of Municipal Sludge Composts on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Soil and Soybean

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.02.021

中文关键词: 污泥堆肥重金属土壤大豆积累

英文关键词: sewage sludge compost heavy metal soil soybean accumulation

基金项目:

作者	单位
李淑芹	东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨 150030
田仲鹤	东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨 150030
金宏鑫	东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨 150030
于淼	东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨 150030
许景钢	东北农业大学资源与环境学院，哈尔滨 150030

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中文摘要:

重金属在土壤中易积累造成污染，因此污泥中重金属含量成为其农用的限制因素，重金属在作物中的富集问题也备受关注。以东北黑土为供试土壤，大豆为供试作物，采用随机区组设计，通过施入不同水平的城市污泥堆肥的农田小区试验，研究污泥堆肥对土壤和大豆不同器官的重金属积累的影响，为污泥堆肥农用的安全性提供科学依据。试验结果表明，随着污泥堆肥施入量的增加，土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb含量及大豆不同器官中Cu、Zn、Cd的含量均逐渐增加，但在大豆各器官中均未检出Pb。Cu、Zn在大豆各器官的含量和富集系数大小顺序均为籽粒>根>豆荚>茎，而Cd为茎>根>豆荚>籽粒。在本试验污泥堆肥施入量的范围内，土壤和大豆籽粒中重金属Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb含量均未超过国家相关标准。从富集系数看，除污泥堆肥施入量超过12 t·hm-2时大豆茎对Cd有富集作用外，其他均未达到富集程度；各处理的大豆干物重和产量的总体规律是污泥堆肥施用量24 t·hm-2>施用量18 t·hm-2>施用量30 t·hm-2>施用量12 t·hm-2>施用量6 t·hm-2>CK，其中污泥堆肥施用量为24 t·hm-2增产效果最好，增产率为12.65%。

英文摘要:

Accumulation of heavy metals in soils is a factor limiting the application of municipal sludge composts in agriculture. A plot experiment was performed to investigate the effects of municipal sewage sludge composts on heavy metal accumulation in soil and soybean plants in black soil in the Northeast China. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in soil and of Cu, Zn, and Cd in soybean plants increased gradually with increasing applications of sludge composts, while Pb was not detected in soybean. The contents and enrichment coefficients of Cu and Zn in soybean were in order of grain>root>pod>stem, while those of Cd were stem>root>pod>grain. At the present application rates of sludge composts, the contents of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in soil and soybean did not exceed the national standards. However, applying the compost more than 12 t·hm-2 caused Cd enrichment in the stem, although the enhancements of other metals were not obvious. The compost application increased dry biomass and yield of soybean, with 12.65% increase in yield in the treatment D（24 t·hm-2）. The findings suggest that it is necessary to assess the impacts of municipal sludge composts on soil and plants before applying to soils.

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