| 乌英嗄,张贵龙,赖 欣,刘红梅,杨殿林.生物炭施用对华北潮土土壤细菌多样性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(5):965-971. |
| 生物炭施用对华北潮土土壤细菌多样性的影响 |
| Effects of Biochar Applications on Bacterial Diversity in Fluvor-aquic Soil of North China |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.05.020 |
| 中文关键词: 生物炭 潮土 土壤细菌 多样性 |
| 英文关键词: biochar fluvor-aquic soil soil bacteria biodiversity |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用田间小区试验，结合DGGE-cloning测序技术，研究了潮土中施用生物炭对土壤细菌多样性的影响。结果表明：施用生物炭的处理C2（15 t·hm-2生物炭+225 kg·hm-2氮肥）、C3（25 t·hm-2生物炭+225 kg·hm-2氮肥）、C4（30 t·hm-2生物炭+225 kg·hm-2氮肥）土壤16S rDNA DGGE指纹图谱条带数较对照CK1（不施生物炭不施氮肥）和CK2（不施生物炭施225 kg·hm-2氮肥）增多4～5条，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数却分别下降11.5%～13.0%和14.1%～16.5%；不施用生物炭处理的土壤细菌群落相似度高，且与施用生物炭的土壤存在差异，其中C4处理的土壤细菌群落与其他处理差别最大；选取DGGE指纹图谱中有代表性的13个条带进行测序结果显示，C3、C4处理中增加的条带p、ｑ、r等代表的均为未分类的细菌，条带e和g为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）。可见，生物炭施用虽然促进新的细菌生长，但同时也抑制了原有某些细菌的生长，改变了土壤细菌群落组分，最终导致土壤细菌多样性和均匀度下降。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a by-product of biomass pyrolysis, biochar has been deployed to alleviate anthropogenically triggered increases in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. It is generally accepted that biochar-C is largely unavailable to soil microbes but can change soil physicochemical properties. Applying biochar with metabolically available labile-C compounds may shift soil microbial community structure. In the present research, a field experiment was designed to investigate temporal changes in bacterial diversity after biochar additions in fluvor-aquic soil in North China. Six treatments with four replicates were used：CK1（no biochar or urea-N）; CK2（no biochar+225 kg urea-N·hm-2）; C1（7.5 t·hm-2 biochar +225 kg urea-N·hm-2）; C2（15 t·hm-2 biochar+225 kg urea-N·hm-2）; C3（25 t·hm-2 biochar+225 kg urea-N·hm-2）; C4（30 t·hm-2 biochar+225 kg urea-N·hm-2）. The biochar used in the experiment was pyrolytic peanut shell processed at 300 ℃. The experimental treatments were randomly assigned. Bacterial diversity was measured using DGGE-cloning sequencing method. Compared with controls（CK1, CK2）, biochar treatments increased DGGE fingerprints by 4 or 5 bands, but decreased the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness index by 11.5%~13.0%, 14.1%~16.5%, respectively. Cluster analysis indicated that DGGE fingerprints shared at least 60% similarity among all treatments. Additions of biochar reduced the similarity of bacterial community composition. Sequencing 13 bands selected from DGGE gel according to their peculiarity showed that new bands p, q and r were found but the bands e and g representing Proteobacteria disappeared in the treatment C3 and C4. The present results indicate that biochar promotes the growth of new bacteria but inhibit some known bacteria, thus changing the bacterial community composition and decreasing the diversity and evenness index of soil bacterial community. |
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