| 王彬武,李 红,蒋红群,孙丹峰.北京市耕地土壤重金属时空变化特征初步研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(7):1335-1344. |
| 北京市耕地土壤重金属时空变化特征初步研究 |
| Spatio-temporal Variation of Soil Heavy Metals in Agricultural Land in Beijing, China |
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| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.07.012 |
| 中文关键词: 耕地土壤重金属 时空变化 风险等级 北京市 |
| 英文关键词: soil heavy metals spatio-temporal variation risk ranking Beijing |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根据1985年和2006年北京市两次耕地表层（0~20 cm）土壤重金属含量调查结果，初步分析了此期间北京市耕地土壤重金属污染的时空变化特征。数据探索分析显示，Cr、Ni、Zn和Hg服从正态分布并满足Kriging预测条件，可通过对比其含量预测图识别空间分布变化；Cu、As、Cd和Pb则运用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法和指示克里格法对比其污染风险及空间分布的变化。结果表明，当前北京市耕地土壤重金属含量处在合理水平。随着北京城市化及集约农业的发展，土壤中八种重金属元素在1985—2006年间均有不同程度积累：相对累积最多的是Hg元素；Cr、Ni、Zn和As主要是量的增大，污染范围空间分布变化不明显；而Hg、Cd、Pb和Cu元素在20年间不仅有量的大幅增大，污染风险范围也明显扩大，但仍属于低风险等级。重金属变化最为剧烈的区县有密云、平谷、大兴及北京城周等。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, temporal and spatial variation of soil heavy metals were analyzed from 1985 to 2006 in Beijing. The contents and their spatial distribution of Cr, Ni, Zn and Hg were analyzed by comparing the interpolating maps, while environmental risks of As, Cu, Pb and Cd were evaluated using Hakanson potential ecological risk index. Indicator Kriging was employed to draw the probability distribution maps of the risk and to analyze the spatial distribution information. Heavy metal contents in the soils of Beijing were still at reasonable level, but showed certain accumulation between 1985 and 2006 due to urbanization and intensive agriculture, with Hg accumulating greatest. During 1985—2006, the spatial distribution remained almost unchanged for Cr, Ni, Zn, and As, while the scope of Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu pollution expanded. These metals still had low environmental risks, though the most dramatic changes occurred in Miyun, Pinggu, Daxing and their urbanized areas. |
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