猪粪固体自然堆放方式下含氮气体排放规律及其影响因素研究

袁玉玲; 王立刚; 李 虎; 丁钢强; 韩圣慧; 魏建宏

文章摘要

袁玉玲,王立刚,李虎,丁钢强,韩圣慧,魏建宏.猪粪固体自然堆放方式下含氮气体排放规律及其影响因素研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(7):1422-1428.

猪粪固体自然堆放方式下含氮气体排放规律及其影响因素研究

Nitrogenous Gas Emissions from Solid Swine Manure Under Natural Composting Conditions

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.07.024

中文关键词: 猪粪固体贮存含氮气体影响因素

英文关键词: solid swine manure compost nitrogenous gas influencing factors

基金项目:

作者	单位
袁玉玲	湖南农业大学资源环境学院，长沙 410128；中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，北京 100081
王立刚	中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，农业部面源污染控制重点实验室，中国农业科学院-美国新罕布什尔大学可持续农业生态系统研究联合实验室，北京 100081
李虎	中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所，农业部面源污染控制重点实验室，中国农业科学院-美国新罕布什尔大学可持续农业生态系统研究联合实验室，北京 100081
丁钢强	广东工业大学，广州 510006
韩圣慧	中国科学院大气物理研究所，北京 100029
魏建宏	湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院，长沙 410128

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中文摘要:

针对我国畜禽固体废弃物自然堆放管理过程中含氮气体排放欠缺系统研究、排放规律尚不清晰的现状，以长江流域生猪固体废弃物典型自然堆放方式为例，采用静态箱-气相色谱法、化学发光法、磷酸甘油溶液吸收法对猪粪固体堆放下N2O、NOx和NH3 3种主要含氮气体排放进行了一个堆肥周期的系统观测，深入研究了猪粪固体堆放管理方式下3种含氮气体排放规律及其影响因素。一个堆放周期的试验结果表明：在固体贮存堆体最初含水量较多的情况下，NH3前期排放较多，后期排放比较少,受堆体氨态氮浓度影响较大。N2O和NOx的排放规律基本相同，都呈现前期排放量较小，后期排放增多的态势，这与降雨导致的酸性环境加剧硝化反硝化作用有关。堆体表面与堆体内部剖面N2O的排放趋势基本相同，而堆体下部土壤剖面的N2O受堆体影响较小。

英文摘要:

In China growing livestock industries are arousing public concerns over the environmental quality, especially atmospheric environment. In this study, we collected emission data of three nitrogenous gases, nitrous oxide（N2O）, nitrogen oxides（NOx） and ammonia（NH3）, from naturally composted swine manure piles in Changsha, Hunan, China, during one composting period（53 days）. A statistic chamber was employed for sampling gases and gas-chromatography for quantifying gas concentrations. The daily emission rate of NH3 was the highest at the beginning of the composting, then decreased rapidly during the following 14 days, and kept relatively low during the rest time of the experiment; The emissions of N2O and NOx were initially low but gradually increased. The emissions of nitrogenous gases from the surface and inside of the compost piles showed roughly similar patterns. Since no ammonium or nitrate in the compost piles were measured at the beginning, it could be hypothesized that the initial high NH3 emissions could result only from urea or dissolved NH3 in the original manure while emissions of N2O or NOx could be related to increased moisture or nitrate at the late stage of the composting process. Further studies are needed to prove or disprove the hypotheses.

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