铝胁迫对西瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

贾松涛; 郑阳霞; 邱 爽; 张伟伟

文章摘要

贾松涛,郑阳霞,邱爽,张伟伟.铝胁迫对西瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(8):1485-1492.

铝胁迫对西瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of Aluminum Stress on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Watermelon Seedlings

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.08.004

中文关键词: 铝胁迫西瓜幼苗生长生理特性

英文关键词: aluminum stress watermelon seedling growth physiological characteristics

基金项目:

作者	单位
贾松涛	四川农业大学园艺学院，四川雅安 625014
郑阳霞	四川农业大学园艺学院，四川雅安 625014
邱爽	四川农业大学园艺学院，四川雅安 625014
张伟伟	四川农业大学园艺学院，四川雅安 625014

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中文摘要:

以超甜地雷王（DL）、早佳84-24（ZJ）、早蜜王（ZM）、早春红玉（HY）4个西瓜品种为供试材料，研究了不同浓度铝（0、250、500、1000、1500 μmol·L-1）处理对西瓜幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明，铝处理使ZM根长、根系活力及干重下降最为明显，对HY影响不显著或有一定促进作用，ZJ、DL所受影响介于二者之间，HY耐铝性较强，ZM对铝敏感。进一步分析比较铝处理下耐铝性差异较大的两个西瓜品种ZM和HY生理特性的变化可知：铝处理均可使ZM、HY两个西瓜品种叶片质膜透性增大，丙二醛含量增加，其中HY在Al3+≤1000 μmol·L-1处理下随处理时间的延长膜系统伤害可以得到一定程度的恢复，MDA含量有所下降；HY叶片Pro含量和SOD、POD酶活性均增加，在高浓度、长时间的铝处理下此三指标的变化均优于ZM；CAT活性变化均较小。由试验结果可以看出，ZM和HY对铝胁迫的生理反应存在一定的差异性，HY内部响应铝胁迫的生理机制较ZM更加完善，其中Pro含量及SOD、POD活性与西瓜耐铝能力关系密切。

英文摘要:

Aluminum（Al） phytotoxicity is an important factor influencing plant production in acid soils. In the present study, seedlings of four watermelon varieties, chaotiandileiwang（DL）, zaojia84-24（ZJ）, zaomiwang（ZM） and zaochunhongyu（HY）, were used to investigate their growth and physiological characteristics under different Al concentrations（0, 250, 500, 1000, 1500 μmol·L-1）. The inhibitory effects of Al on root length, root vigor and dry weight were greatest for ZM, followed by ZJ and DL, and the least for HY, in which no influences were observed. Thus ZM was more sensitive to Al than HY. Aluminum stress increased the plasma membrane permeability and MDA content in ZM and HY leaves. At Al3+≤1000 μmol·L-1, the breakage of HY membrane system was recovered at a certain level with extension of the treatment time. In addition, Pro content, SOD and POD activities were also increased; while CAT activity was almost not affected by Al. These results show that Al-resistant HY has a better physiological mechanism to respond to Al stress than ZM does, and the Pro content and SOD and POD activities are closely related to Al-tolerant ability of watermelon.

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