粪肥施用对设施番茄产量和土壤氮磷累积的影响

李 超; 严正娟; 张经纬; 陈 清; 李俊良

文章摘要

李超,严正娟,张经纬,陈清,李俊良.粪肥施用对设施番茄产量和土壤氮磷累积的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(8):1560-1568.

粪肥施用对设施番茄产量和土壤氮磷累积的影响

Effects of Manure Applications on Tomato Yields and Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Accumulation in a Greenhouse Production System

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.08.014

中文关键词: 粪肥推荐产量设施土壤氮磷累积番茄

英文关键词: recommended manure application yield greenhouse soil nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation tomato

基金项目:

作者	单位
李超	青岛农业大学资源与环境学院，山东青岛 266109
严正娟	中国农业大学资源与环境学院，北京 100193
张经纬	青岛农业大学资源与环境学院，山东青岛 266109
陈清	中国农业大学资源与环境学院，北京 100193
李俊良	青岛农业大学资源与环境学院，山东青岛 266109

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中文摘要:

针对国际上不同粪肥推荐施用策略，利用两年的设施番茄田间试验，以传统管理模式大棚为对照，研究了基于粪肥中磷含量（P-based处理）、基于粪肥中氮含量（N-based处理）的施用策略以及在P-based处理基础上添加秸秆（P-based+S处理）的粪肥施用模式对设施番茄产量以及土壤N、P累积的影响。结果表明：在三种粪肥推荐施用策略下，番茄产量没有显著性差异，但均高于传统管理模式。两年试验期间，P-based处理、P-based+S处理和N-based处理的表观氮素盈余分别为1123、1048、1039 kg N·hm-2，表观磷素盈余分别为219、249、226 kg P·hm-2；P-based处理、P-based+S处理和N-based处理0~180 cm土壤剖面无机氮分别增加了497、480、440 kg N·hm-2，而表层土壤Olsen-P含量分别增加了28.4、34.7、31 mg P·kg-1。从菜田土壤肥力的初期结果看，P-based处理与P-based+S处理对土壤N、P累积的速率明显快于N-based处理。

英文摘要:

Based on international strategies of manure applications, a two-year experiment was conducted in a greenhouse production system to investigate the effects of different strategies of manure application on tomato yield and soil nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P） accumulation. The treatments included control treatment（SN）（the traditional farmers′ manure application）; P-based manure application（P）; P-based manure plus wheat straw application（P+S）; N-based manure application（N）. Compared to the control（SN） treatment, different strategies of manure application increased tomato fruit yields, with no significant differences among the different strategies. The apparent N surplus was 1123, 1048, 1039 kg N·hm-2, and the apparent P surplus 219, 249, 226 kg P·hm-2 for P, P+S and N treatments, respectively. In 0~180 cm soil depth, soil inorganic N increased by 497, 480, 440 kg N·hm-2, and soil Olsen-P content increased by 28.4, 34.7, 31.0 mg P·kg-1 in P, P+S and N treatments, respectively. The preliminary results show that the accumulations of N and P in soils were greater under P-based and P-based + S treatments than under N-based treatment during the two-year experiment period.

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