| 王振旗,钱晓雍,沈根祥.上海市规模化畜禽场污染减排模式分析与应用[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(10):2030-2035. |
| 上海市规模化畜禽场污染减排模式分析与应用 |
| Analysis and Application of Pollution Reduction Techniques for Scale Livestock and Poultry Farms in Shanghai |
| 投稿时间：2014-03-26 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.10.021 |
| 中文关键词: 规模化畜禽场 污染减排 生态还田 达标治理 畜禽承载力 |
| 英文关键词: livestock and poultry operations pollution reduction cropland application industrial treatment animal carrying capacity |
| 基金项目:上海市环境保护局重大科研项目（沪环科[2012]-02）；上海市科技兴农推广项目（沪农科推字[2013]第4-4号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在对上海市畜禽规模养殖分布特征和污染治理现状分析的基础上，分别研究了适于上海市经济社会特点的资源化还田利用和工业化达标治理两大类四种鼓励减排模式，即“沼气工程”模式、“生态还田”模式、“污水纳管”模式和“达标排放”模式，以及各模式的技术要点、工艺流程、设施配套等，并通过投入-产出分析和适用性评价，提出了各郊区县规模化畜禽场适宜采纳模式。结果表明：崇明县、松江区、青浦区单位耕地畜禽承载量为4.7～9.0头标准猪·hm-2，适合采用资源化还田利用模式，经济收益可以满足减排工程的稳定运行，尤其适合采用低投入和管理要求低的“生态还田”模式；奉贤区、宝山区和浦东新区因养殖密度高、耕地面积相对少，多数养殖场仅能选择工业化达标治理模式，但“达标排放”模式管理水平要求较高、运行成本高昂，长效稳定运行难度大，因此应作为今后畜禽规模养殖空间布局调整的重点区域。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Livestock and poultry farms have caused the water pollution around them. Here we proposed four techniques for pollution reduction, which included land application(with or without biogas production) and wastewater treatment(centralized or onsite treatment), based on distribution and pollution control status of livestock and poultry farms in Shanghai. The technological process and keys, and facility requirements for each technique were provided, and the preferred technique for specific district/county was suggested according to their cost-effectiveness and adaptability. In Chongming County, Songjiang District and Qingpu District, where animal carrying capacity was 4.7~9.0 heads·hm-2(pig equivalent), far below the average in Shanghai, direct land application of wastes, especially without biogas production, was preferable because of its relatively lower cost and management requirements. The economic returns of such land application were sufficient to support system operation. In Fengxian District, Baoshan District and Pudong New Area, wastewater treatment, especially onsite treatment, was more suitable because of higher animal densities and less farmland. However, due to the higher cost and management requirements, operation of an onsite wastewater treatment system was much more challenging financially and technically. Therefore, the districts with higher animal densities would be the targets of future structural readjustment of livestock and poultry farming. |
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