草甘膦对重金属毒性的抑制效应研究——以发光菌(Photobacterium phosphoreum T3)为例

周垂帆; 林静雯; 李莹; 王玉军; 周东美

文章摘要

周垂帆,林静雯,李莹,王玉军,周东美.草甘膦对重金属毒性的抑制效应研究——以发光菌(Photobacterium phosphoreum T3)为例[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(12):2329-2334.

草甘膦对重金属毒性的抑制效应研究——以发光菌(Photobacterium phosphoreum T3)为例

Inhibitory Effect of Glyphosate on Toxicity of Heavy Metals:A Case Study on Photobacterium phosphoreum T3

投稿时间：2014-05-12

DOI：10.11654/jaes.2014.12.008

中文关键词: 草甘膦铜镉明亮发光杆菌复合污染

英文关键词: glyphosate copper cadmium Photobacterium phosphoreum combined pollution

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41422105,31400465);环保部公益性行业科研专项(20140941)

作者	单位	E-mail
周垂帆	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点试验室, 南京 210008 福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002
林静雯	福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002
李莹	福建农林大学林学院, 福州 350002
王玉军	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点试验室, 南京 210008	yjwang@issas.ac.cn
周东美	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤环境与污染修复重点试验室, 南京 210008

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中文摘要:

草甘膦分子(C₃H₈NO₅P)中含有较多配位基团如羧基、氨基、磷酸基,对重金属阳离子有很强的络合能力,可能会影响重金属的生物有效性进而影响其毒性.为了解草甘膦(GPS)和铜(Cu)、镉(Cd)交互对发光菌毒性效应,以明亮发光杆菌T3小种(Photobacterium phosphoreum T3)为例,进行了室内模拟试验研究.结果表明:Cu、Cd对发光菌有很强的毒性(EC₅₀分别为1.28、0.89 mg·L^-1);没有控制pH的草甘膦能够降低溶液pH,对发光菌亦有较强的毒性(EC₅₀为35.9 mg·L^-1);但控制pH值为5.0的草甘膦对发光菌无明显毒性,并且能够显著降低Cu、Cd对发光菌的抑制,同时随着GPS/Cu、GPS/Cd摩尔比值的增大使毒性降低,直至无明显毒性.据此认为,在重金属和农药草甘膦共存的环境当中,草甘膦能够影响重金属的形态,进而影响重金属的生物有效性和毒性.

英文摘要:

Glyphosate(N-[phosphonomethyl]-glycine, GPS) is one of the most widely used herbicides in agricultural and forestry production. It contains functional groups of amine, carboxylate and phosphonate that can form strong coordination bonds with metal ions and thus may affect the bioavailability and toxicity of heavy metals in soils. Therefore, a laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the interactions between GPS and heavy metals(Cu and Cd) with respect to their acute toxicity to Photobacterium phosphoreum T3. Results showed that the toxicity of Cu and Cd to photobacterium was very strong(EC₅₀ was 1.28 mg·L^-1 and 0.89 mg·L^-1 for Cu and Cd, respectively). The GPS obviously decreased pH in the media and possessed much greater toxicity to photobacterium(EC₅₀ was 35.9 mg·L^-1) when the medium pH remained unadjusted. However, GPS did not show toxicity when the medium pH maintained at 5.0. The presence of GPS obviously relieved the acute toxicity of Cu and Cd to photobacterium. Increasing molar ratios of GPS/Cu and GPS/Cd significantly decreased the toxicity of Cu and Cd to photobacterium. Copper toxicity disappeared at GPS/Cu molar ratio greater than 1. In conclusion, GPS could modify speciation of heavy metals, and thus their toxicity in GPS and heavy metals co-existing systems.

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