| 杨旺鑫,夏永秋,姜小三,颜晓元.我国农田总磷径流损失影响因素及损失量初步估算[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(2):319-325. |
| 我国农田总磷径流损失影响因素及损失量初步估算 |
| Influencing Factors and Estimation of Total Phosphorus Runoff from Farmlands in China |
| 投稿时间：2014-08-20 |
| DOI：10.11654/jaes.2015.02.016 |
| 中文关键词: 水田 旱地 影响因素 总磷径流损失量 模型 |
| 英文关键词: paddy field upland field influencing factor TP runoff loss model |
| 基金项目:环保公益性行业科研专项(201309035-05) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 3032 |
| 全文下载次数: 2467 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 农田磷素随地表径流向水体迁移导致磷肥利用率降低、生产成本上升、环境污染风险增加,收集近10年农田总磷径流损失的试验数据,并结合其对应的潜在影响因素进行统计分析,结果表明水田、旱地TP径流损失量与土壤全磷、粘粒含量百分比显着负相关,与施磷量、降雨量显着正相关.采用多元逐步回归方法,构建了单位面积水田、旱地总磷径流损失量估算模型.运用该模型对各省水田、旱地中TP径流损失量进行了估算,结果表明单位面积水田中TP径流损失量范围为0.585~3.015 kg·hm-2,单位面积旱地中TP径流损失量范围为0.045~0.473 kg·hm-2.2011年全国水田TP径流损失总量变化在3.554~5.875万t,平均值为4.715万t;全国旱地TP径流损失总量变化在0.951~2.347万t,平均值1.649万t;全国农田TP径流损失总量平均值为6.364万t. |
| 英文摘要: |
| Phosphorus(P) losses via runoff from farmlands to water not only decrease the efficiency of fertilizer P, but may also cause water pollution. In this paper, we identified the influencing factors and estimated the amount of P runoff losses from farmlands in mainland China via statistically analyzing the recent 10 year experimental results on P runoff losses in farmlands. Total P runoff losses were negatively correlated with soil TP and clay contents, but positively with P application rates and rainfall. According to the 2012 China Statistical Yearbook and the 2012 China Meteorological Yearbook, the TP runoff losses from paddy fields and upland fields for each province were estimated, and ranged from 0.585 kg·hm-2 to 3.015 kg·hm-2 in the paddy fields and 0.045 kg·hm-2 to 0.473 kg·hm-2 in the upland fields in 2011. The corresponding total amounts of TP runoff losses were from 0.036 Tg to 0.059 Tg, with a mean value of 0.047 Tg, and from 0.009 Tg to 0.024 Tg, with an average of 0.017 Tg. Our results show that the average content of TP runoff losses would be 0.064 Tg from farmland in China in 2011. |
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